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Chapter 5: Basic Six Sigma Concepts - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 5: Basic Six Sigma Concepts
Standard Deviation: variance is the root of many defects
When consistency is lost, defects are introduced
Standard deviation measures the distance between data points and the mean of all data
Large SD means an overall wide spread of points, small SD means closely clustered set of points
The pareto principle: also called the 80/20 rule, says that 20 percent of the causes lead to 80 percent of the results
First suggested by a management consultant named Joseph Juran
it almost universally applies that a few inputs create more impact than all of the other inputs
Pareto principle is best displayed using a Pareto chart, which is a graphical representation of data elements in a ranked bar chart (can create in Excel)
Pareto charts are helpful analytical tools when you need to analyze frequencies or causes of problems
Pareto charts are also helpful when communicating information about causes to others, especially those outside of Six Sigma process
Voice of the Customer: foundational concept in many quality programs
Goal of quality is to make a better more consistent product, One of the ways you know you’ve reached this goal is that your customers will be more consistently satisfied
The only way to reach this goal is to seek feedback from customer
examples: surveys, focus groups, interviews, beta or user testing, feedback forms
two specific types of VOC campaigns: general customer feedback and specific customer feedback
For specific feedback, you have to ask specific questions. This is especially true if you are seeking additional information or clarification of general feedback
General customer feedback is often obtained through feedback forms, customer complaint records, and passive information gathering via websites or social media
Basic metrics: Defects per Million Opportunities, Defects per unit, first time yield, Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)
Defects per million opportunities: (number of defects in a sample/opportunities for a defect in the sample) * 1,000,000
Defects per unit: Number of defects found / number of units in the sample
First Time Yield (FTY): Number of good units produced / number of units entering the process
Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY): (Number of units entering - (scrap + rework))/number of units entering process