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Decolonization/Polio - Coggle Diagram
Decolonization/Polio
POLIO VACCINES—“NO THANK YOU!” BARRIERS TO POLIO ERADICATION IN NORTHERN NIGERIA
boycott of polio vaccination
set back global polio eradication targets
fears that the vaccines were deliberately contaminated with
anti-fertility agents and the HIV virus.
plot by western governments to reduce Muslim populations
National Assembly eventually conducts investigation
SCSN alleges lack of transparency
Hausa communities - belief that polio (Shan-inna) is a powerful female spirit that consumes the limbs of human beings
tend to use healers rather than vaccines
questioning why WHO/the West is so eager to administer free Polio vaccinations to a country that basically has no primary health care system
no treatment available for even simple ailments but yet people go door to door trying to give free medicine for polio
neglect of other vaccine preventable diseases
by Muslim religious and political
leaders
vaccines one of most effective/affordable way of reducing child mortality
polio = viral disease transmitted through contaminated food, water or faeces
"The article thereby suggests that there is an underlying logic to public anxieties. Rather than delegitimize these as ‘rumours’, these anxieties need to be taken seriously and their root causes addressed if the controversy is to be resolved effectively."
anxieties made sense given en past incidents of vaccine delivery
Pfizer accused of using experimental meningitis drug on patients without informing them of the risks
historical struggle for leadership between north, east and west
CIA organized fake vaccination drive to find Osama bin Laden's family DNA
in town they thought he was hiding
CIA agents recruited a senior Pakistani doctor to organise the vaccine drive in Abbottabad
claimed he had funds to give free vaccinations for hepatitis B
paid generous sums to low-ranking local government health workers, who took part in the operation without knowing about the connection to Bin Laden
Harman, S and Papamichail, A. (2024). Global Health Governance, 2nd edition pages 119-123.
Global priorities and local neglect
mismatch in global health between most pressing issues and where the funding goes
focus on global health emergencies/high profile activism diverts money
HSS is essential
health systems strengthening
NCDs
(non-communicable diseases)
not infectious
caused by genetics/environmental factors
heart disease
cancer
chronic respiratory diseases
arthritis
majority of global health needs but receive little funding
overlooks growth of NCDs in lower income countries because typically associated with more affluent populations
'double burden'
infectious diseases now coupled with NCDs too
often blames people's own personal lifestyle choices
what they eat, drink, smoke, exercise etc.
need to acknowledge affordability/ poverty/ environmental factors
need regulation to stop companies selling harmful products
NTDs
(neglected tropical diseases)
caused by bacterial, viral, parasitic, and fungal infections
rabies
chagas disease
schistosomiasis
disproportionate concentration in Africa/Asia/Latin America
associated with conflict zones
neglected in global funding
because they are localized they are seen as less of a danger/priority for the West
"These medicines are cheap and easy to produce and thus do not entail any complex patent issues or high levels of return on a pharmaceutical company’s investment. Pharmaceutical companies are more likely to fund development of drugs that can be marketed at high prices to high income individuals than they are to fund development of cheap interventions to address NTDs"
"what is prioritised and acted on does not necessarily follow the science, but instead is influenced by global health security concerns, notably threats to the Global North; economic interests and potential return on investments; the interests of powerful donors and the institutions they fund and create; and who is at risk."
"The dominance of security- and market-based approaches may lead some policymakers to shift their framing away from science and evidence to considerations of threat and risk."