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Energy and its transformation - Coggle Diagram
Energy and its
transformation
Energy source
The energy we consume has many different uses
Household uses: the operating of electrical appliances, heating systems, hot water systems, heat for coolling and for means of transport, for example.
In d ustnal uses: the operating of factones and companies construction, agnculture and so on.
Electricity
Electricity is the most widely used form of energy in indutrialise socieues for two reasons
It can be easily transformed into other forms of energy, such as
light and heat.
It can be transported long distances inexpensively and with very
httle energy being lost
Electric power plants
Electric power plants are facilities where pnmary or secondary energy is transformed into electnmty, Once electricity is generated, it must be transported to towns, cities or industrial parks.
How an electric power plant work
Elecrncal power plants use an external source of energy to pmduce electncity To do this, they rely on a turbine-alternator system.
The turbine converts mechanical energy into the rotating movement
of a shaft
An alternator has a fixed part, called a stator, and a moving part, called a rotor, connected to the turbine shaft
Transport and distribution of electrical energy
Electric power plants are usually located far away from the points where the energy is used — fur safety reasons, space requirements or physical and
geographical considerations
Conventional electric power plant
Fossil fuel thermal power plants
At this type of power plant, water is heated in a boiler by the heat generated from the combustion of a fossil fuel, usually natural gas or coal
Hydroelectric power plants
This type of power plant uses the potential energy provided by the height of the stored water in a dam, converting it to kinetic energy.
Nuclear power plants
This type of plant tm.ludes a nuclear fission reactor that produr.es thepressunsed steam needed to move the turbme rotor.
Non-conventional electric power plants
Wind power plants and wind farms
These power plants use the kinetic energy uf the wind to move the blades of a rotor at the top of a tower, this is referred to as the
wind turbine.
Solar power plants
These plants use the energy from the sun There are two main types of instaflations: photo-thermal and photovoltaic power plants.
. Biomass thermal power plants
Biomass consists of all organic compounds that are produced through
pecific crops, such as sunflowers and cougar beet.
Forestry and agricultural waste
kyraste from agri-food industries.
Geothermal power plants
These plants use the heat found at deep levels in the earth. This heat may reach the surface in the form of steam, gases or hot water.
Ocean power plants
These power plants use the energy from the seas and the oceans. The concept is to use three types of energy from the sea.
T he mechanical energy from the waves
The mechanical energy from the tides.
The energy from the ocean's thermal gradient.
Environmental impact
Environmental impact assessment
s part of a technicaj proiect, it's mandatory to carry out an vironmental impact assessment to find out what changes it would
provoke in the environment
Waste treatment
To reduce the waste generated by thermal power plants, as well as their effects, several measures can be taken
Some solutions
Below is a summary of different possible solutions to alleviate some of
the environmental problems descnbed
Environmental impacts
Final energy us
Fuel transport
Extraction of natural resources
Electricity generation
