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Energy and its transformation - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Electricity cannot be stored; therefore, it must be transported to
        consumption centres This transport involves several processes:
        
        Increasing the voltage to 220 000 V or 400 000 V to prevent significant energy loss, due to the Joule effect.
        
        Transporting it by high voltage cables attached to towers
        
        Decreasing the voltage at the electricity substations to 3-30 kV
        
        Distnbution to homes, offices, industries and public facilities. During this stage, the voltage is reduced to 230-400 V.
- - - - Biomass Is sublected to different physical and chemical processes m
    - - In this type of power plant, the heat generated by solar radiation produces steam that is used to move the rotor in the generator. To do this, they use special mirrors, called heliostats,that reflect sunlight and concentrate it at one point, where it reaches a high temperature.
    - - In these power plants, solar radiation is transformed directly intoelectncity by panels of photovoltaic cells. These power plants consist of large areas of photovoltaic panels
        There are also isolated power plants that are very small in size, which are used to supply electricity to homes in rural areas.
- - - - The exploitation of fossil fuels and nuclear power means the depletion of resources, which makes it necessary to find new ones. Fuel extraction processes are sometimes harmful to the environment. In particular, timber extraction has led to the disappearance of large areas of forest, a process that is continuing even today.
    - - Oil is transported by means of oil pipelines and oil tankers.
        Oil pipelines can suffer accidents caused by nature or human error, which result in uncontrolled spills.
        Oil tankers can have accidents at sea, with the risk of oil spills. Some spills have caused oil slicks that have taken years to clean up and dissipate and have aftected the lives of many plant and animal species.
    - - Large hydroelectric power plants require water reservoirs covening large areas, which protoundly change the natural cycle of overs, flood large land areas and destroy ecosystems, in addition to increasing the risk of accidents.
        Conventional thermal power plants can cause numerous problems and environmental hazards.
        They produce air pollution — suspended particles, CO, heavy
        metal molecules and so on.
        They emit large amounts of COa which increases the greenhouse
        effect.
        They emit sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide that cause acid
        rain, which is very harmful to the environment
        The water used in the cooling system is returned to ihe environmem
        while it's sull warm, which affects both animal and plant life
        Nuclear thermal power plants are accompanied by the risk of
        nuclear accidents and the problem of nuclear waste, some of which remain dangerous for thousands of years.
    - - The fuels we use in vehicles and heating systems emit gases and
        particles similar to those generated by conventional thermal power plants.
        When we turn on an electric appliance, we' re consumrng energy that has already caused several environmental problems during its extraction, generation and transportation.