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Electricity and Magnetism - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Electric potential energy
        
        Electric potential energy is stored in an object may have because of it
      - Electric Potential
        
        Electric potential is the amount of electric potential energy per unit change at a certain position in an electric field
        
        A potential of one volt is equal to one joule of energy per coulomb of charge
      - Charge Movement
        
        When a charge moves, some of its electrical potential energy is used in moving the charge and some of it can be used to do other work
      - Lightning
        
        Lightning comes from the electric potential of millions of volts which releases large amounts of energy in the form of light, heat, and sound.
    - - Conductors and insulators
        
        Conductors are materials that allow electric charges to pass through easily
        
        Insulators are materials that do not easily allow electric charges to pass through it easily.
      - Resistance
        
        Electrical resistance is the property of a material that determines how easily a charge can move through it
        
        ELectrical resistance is measured in units called ohms
      - Superconductors
        
        Superconductors are materials that have practically no resistance at extremely low temperatures
      - Grounding
        
        Grounding means providing a harmless low-resistant path-a ground-for electricity to follow.
  - - - Electric current is the flow of charge. It Is the form of electricity used to supply energy in homes, schools, and other buildings
      - Current, Voltage, and Resistance
        
        Charge can only flow if it has a path to follow and a material to conduct it.
        
        The standard unit for measuring current is the ampere or amp
      - Ohm's Law
        
        Ohm's law is the relationship between volts, ohms, and amps.
        
        Current = Voltage/Resistance, I = V/R
      - Measuring Electricity
        
        Volts can be measured with a voltmeter
        
        Amps can be measured with an ammeter
        
        Ohms can be measured with an ohmmeter
    - - An electric cell produces electric current using the chemical or physical properties of different materials
      - Electrochemical cells
        
        An electrochemical cell is an electric cell that produces current by means of chemical reactions
      - Solar Cells
        
        Solar cells are electrical cells that are made from materials that can absorb energy from the sun or other sources of light and then give off electrons, producing electric current.
  - - - Electric charge is a property that allows an object to exert and electric force on another object without touching it
      - An electric field is the apace around a particle though which it can exert an electric charge
    - - A static charge is the buildup of electric charge in an object caused by the presence of many particles with the same charge
      - Charging by contact
        
        When two uncharged objects made by certain materials touch each other, electrons move from one material to the other.
      - How materials affect static charging
        
        Charging by contact occurs when one material's electrons are attracted to another material more than they are attracted to their own.
      - Charging by Induction
        
        The buildup of charge without direct contact is called induction.
        
        Induction can produce a temporary static charge
      - Charge by Polarization
        
        Induction can build up a charge bu changing the position of electrons even when electrons do not move between atoms