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Electricity and Magnetism - Coggle Diagram
Electricity and Magnetism
Chapter 1: Electricity
Section 1.1: Materials can become electrically charged
Electric charge is a property of matter
Electric charge
a property that allows an object to exert an electric force on another object without touching it
Electric field
The space around a particle through which an electric charge can exert this force (electric charge)
Static charges are caused by the movement of electrons
Static charge
A buildup of electric charge in an object caused by the presence of many particles with the same charge
Charging by contact
How materials affect static charging
Charging by induction
Induction
The buildup of a charge without direct contact is called induction
Charge polarization
Technology uses static energy
Section 1.2: Charges can move from one place to another
Static charges have potential energy
Electric potential energy
Electric potential
Electric potential
the amount of electric potential energy per unit charge at a certain position in an electric field
Volt
A potential of one volt is equal to one joule of energy per coulomb of charge
Charge movement
Lightning
Materials affect charge movement
Conductors and Insulators
Conductor
A material that allows an electric charge to pass through it easily is called a conductor
Insulator
A material that does not easily allow a charge to pass through it is called an insulator
Resistance
resistance
Electrical resistance is the property of a material that determines how easily a charge can move through it
ohms
Electrical resistance is measured in units called ohms
Superconductors
Grounding
Grounding
Grounding means providing a harmless, low-resistance path-a ground-for electricity to follow
Section 1.3: Electric current is a flow of charge
Electric charge can flow continuously
Electric current
Electric current is another name for flow of charge
Current, voltage, and resistance
ampere
The standard unit of measure for current is the ampere, or amp
Measuring electricity
Electric cells supply electric current
electric cell
A basic device which produces electric current using the chemical or physical properties of different materials.
Electrochemical cells
Solar cells
Chapter 2: Circuits and Electronics
Section 2.1: Charge needs a continuous path to flow
Electric charge flows in a loop
circuit
A circuit is a closed path through which a continuous charge can flow
Parts of a circuit
Voltage source
Conductor
Switch
Electrical device
resistor; a resistor is an electrical device that slows the flow of charge in a circuit
Open and closed circuits
Current follows the path of least resistance
Short circuits
Short circuit; a short circuit is an unintended path connecting one part of a circuit with another
Grounding a circuit
Grounding a circuit
Safety devices control current
How fuses work
Other safety devices
Section 2.2: Circuits make electric current useful
Circuits are constructed for specific purposes
Circuits can have multiple
Series circuits; A series circuit is a circuit in which current follows a single path
Parallel circuits; a parallel circuit in which current follows more than one path
Circuits convert electrical energy into other forms of energy
Chapter 3: Magnetism