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Soviet Russia (Leaving Cert History), Government provides:, Failures -…
Soviet Russia (Leaving Cert History)
Communism
Control of the means of production
Banks
Factories
Transport
Land
Vlamir Lenin
Takes control of russia with the red guard in a bloodless coup
Lenin saves Russian economy by leaving WW1 and introducing the NEP (Some resemblance of ownership)
Stalin
5 Year Plans
Bad Working Conditions
Targets were unrealistic
Severe food shortages
Millions died due to collectivisation and repression
Lower living standards as consumer goods were neglected
Brutal enforcement through forced labour and purges
The 5 year plans were centralised plans that set production targets for the entire economy
3 Key Plans
Second Plan 1933-1937
Continued industrial growth, more emphasis on infrastructure.
USSR largely became self sufficient in heavy industry.
First Plan 1928-1932
Focused on Heavy industry and Collectivisation.
Massive disruption and famine.
Third Plan 1938-1941
Shifted towards military production
Cut short by WWII
Improvement in education
Rapidly industrialised Russia
Leap in electricity, coal and Steel output
Improved infastructure
Characteristics of Stalin's rule
Secret Police
Ruled by Fear
Show Trials
Executions or work camps
Kulaks
collectivisation
Collective Farms
Kamenev and zinovev
• Stalin ensured complete obedience to his policies
• A society of suspicion around enemies of the state was evident everywhere
• Society was purged of all enemies of the State
• Blame was placed in trials for any failures of policy
• Stalin - Cult of the Leader
• All opposition or perceived opposition was removed
Cult of the leader
Propaganda
Following Lenin's death a power struggle between Stalin and Leon Trotsky occours
Trotsky:
Disliked the NEP
Pure Marxist
Believed in continuing the Marxist revolution
1927
Stalin wins the power struggle after Lenin's death
Trotsky is exiled from the USSR and expelled from the communist party
Stalin:
Socialism and communism in one country before expanding (focus on domestic problems instead of expanding the revolution)
Believed the USSR should focus on it's industrial strength
Government provides:
Housing
Free Healthcare
Free education
Failures