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PLC Hardware Components - Coggle Diagram
PLC Hardware Components
PLC Input/Output System
Input Section
Accepts signals from field devices
Sends status data to CPU
Output Section
Receives commands from CPU
Controls external devices
Interface Function
Signal conditioning
Electrical isolation
PLC Chassis and Racks
Physical Chassis
Holds modules
Provides mounting slots
Logical Rack
128 inputs
128 outputs
Remote Rack
Installed away from CPU
Uses communication links
Addressing Techniques
Rack/Slot Addressing
Input or output type
Slot position
Discrete Addressing
Bit-based locations
ON/OFF indication
Analog Addressing
Word-based values
Continuous signals
Discrete I/O Modules
Discrete Inputs
Two-state devices
Discrete Outputs
ON/OFF control
Load operation
Output Switching
Relay outputs
Solid-state outputs
Analog I/O Modules
Analog Input Channels
Voltage signals
Current signals
Analog Output Channels
Digital-to-analog conversion
Process regulation
Measurement Ranges
Unipolar signals
Bipolar signals
Specialized I/O Modules
High-Speed Modules
Pulse counting
Encoder feedback
Intelligent Modules
Built-in processors
Independent operation
Motion Control Modules
Servo systems
Stepper motor control
Central Processing Unit
CPU Responsibilities
Program execution
Decision making
Processor Modes
Run mode
Program / Remote modes
Status Monitoring
LED indicators
Fault detection
PLC Memory System
Memory Structure
Bits and words
Address locations
Memory Categories
Volatile memory
Nonvolatile memory
Image Tables
Input image table
Output image table