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Tropical Forests and Biodiversity Conservation - Coggle Diagram
Tropical Forests and Biodiversity Conservation
Angelsen & Kaimowitz (1999)
economic growth and liberalization do not decreaase deforestation
on the contrary - it raises agrcultural and timber prices and leads to more deforestation
population growth doesn't lead to deforestation
isntead, people migrate to areas with more deforesattion because it is profitable to log forest
more tight property rights do not lead to less deforestation
instead it makes them have stronger claim and so it makes them more likely to 'invest' in that land by deforesting
Angelsen & DeFries (2010)
deforestation vs agriculture
on a local level we need to make conditions for farmers better so that we can feed population
BUT this makes farming more profitable and increases deforestation
BUT on a global level
agricultural growth is only supported by deforestation by 10%!
other things play bigger role: incerasing yeald on existing land, importing food, expanding into non-forest areas
Börner et al. 2020
Development policies (roads, agriculture subsidies, trade, land titling) are more powerful drivers of deforestation than conservation policies are at preventing it.
some developmetn policy is compatible with conservation efforts while others go against it
New roads can swamp conservation efforts by bringing economic pressure to frontiers
Agricultural credit/subsidies increase clearing incentives
THEREFORE - Effective forest conservation requires cross-sectoral coordination—aligning or at least not contradicting conservation goals with:
Infrastructure placement (where roads go)
Agricultural policy (subsidies, credit access)
Trade policy (commodity prices)
Property rights regimes
Land titling can either help or hurt (where clearing establishes tenure, it increases deforestation)
Bragança & Dahis 2022
farmer mayors are more likely to deforest
PPCDAm Satelite monitoring raised costs
less deforestation even in farmer mayor aresa
not only enforcemet but also THE POLITICAL MULTIPLIER
it shaped political incentives because now it was safer to cheer for the policy than to support loggers
defroestaion didnt lead to development
i went to LOW-PRODUCTIVITY PASTURE, not high-value crop
no effect on agricultural imput or GDP outpur
Chimeli & Soares 2017
prohibition without strong enforcemtn leads to spike in violence in illegal market