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Adolf-Hitler-1933.jpg-2 AUTHORITARIAN STATES (Adolf Hitler & Nazi…

- - - - Many political parties were developed.
        
        Spartacists, were influenced by the Bolsheviks
        
        1919, Spartacist Uprising occurred
      - The society was chaotic and divided
        
        Different political ideologies introduced
        
        Socialist and communist ideologies become popular
      - Other ideologies (the right wing) did risings
        
        The Kapp Putsch by Wolfgang Kapp and Freikorps
        
        The Beer Hall Putsch by the Nazi Party
    - - Demographic Change
        
        High morality --> Birth deficit
        
        Falling fertility rates
        
        Slower post-war recovery
      - Loss of life and trauma
        
        Millions of soldiers and civilians killed
        
        Widespread grief and trauma in community
        
        Lost generation
        
        PTSD
      - Social and Cultural Effect
        
        Memorials and remembrance
        (armistice Day, poppies)
        
        Societies become more anti-war
        
        Shift in values --> failure to implement
        traditional authority
      - Psychological Impacts
        
        Trauma influenced literature, art, and culture
        
        Families and communities struggled
        with the reintegration of veterans into society
    - - Article 48, that could be abused
      - Formation of coalitions in Reichstag
      - Germans’ dissatisfaction with democracy and coalition government
    - - 1923 - Hyperinflation
        
        destroyed savings and wages
        
        1929 - The Great Depressions
        
        Wall Street Crash
        
        massive unemployment
        
        1919 - Treaty of Versailles
        
        Germany forced to pay heavy reparations cost 6.6 billion
        
        contributing to the French invasion of the Ruhr
  - - - Used the people’s fear upon the Wall Street Crash
        
        Hitler’s speech attacks on the Treaty of Versailles
    - - Hitler’s ability to become a an influential leader
        
        Work with Germany’s big business owners and industrialists
        
        Joseph Goebbels, Hermann Goring
    - - Nazism
        
        Aryan race supremacy
        
        hatred towards Communists and Jews
    - - Swastika
        
        Newspapers
        
        Mein Kampf
        
        Hitler’s Speech
    - - Used violence for intimidation
        
        SA attacking Communists in Germany
        
        Munich Putsch
        
        caused Hitler’s imprisonment
- - - - Enabling Laws
      - NAZI Government Structure
      - Leader of NAZI Party
      - Anti-Communism Policy
      - Anti-Capatalism
      - 25-Point Programme of the NSDAP
  - - - Positive
        
        Increased Nazi loyalty
        
        Youth indoctrination success
      - Negative
        
        Widespread fear
        
        Social division
    - - Nuremberg Laws (1935)
      - Motherhood medals
      - Gestapo + informants
    - - Create Volksgemeinschaft
      - Racial purity
      - Remove “undesirables”
- - - - Strengthened domestic control
      - Consolidation of power
      - Undermine LON
      - Expand Nazi Control in Europe
    - - Reduce Unemployment (Rearmarment)
      - Concentration camp (fear&obedience)
    - - Reduce unemployment
      - Failure of Autarky
      - Increase agricultural prices
      - Some small business are closed