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NICHIREN FERNANDEZ Cognitive Etiology of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) …

- - - - “I am worthless / unlovable”
    - - “The world is unfair / hostile”
    - - “Things will never improve”
  - - - Childhood criticism
      - Loss or rejection
      - Trauma or failure
  - - - Systematic errors in thinking, including:
        
        Overgeneralization
        
        Catastrophizing
        
        Black-and-white thinking
        
        Selective abstraction (focusing only on negatives)
- - - - Repeated exposure to:
        
        Uncontrollable negative events
        
        Failure despite effort
    - - Belief that:
        
        “Nothing I do matters”
      - Leads to:
        
        Passivity
        
        Reduced problem-solving
        
        Withdrawal
    - - Depressed individuals attribute negative events as:
        
        Internal – “It’s my fault”
        
        Stable – “It will always be this way”
        
        Global – “It affects everything”