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Geography - Weathering and Mass Movement - Coggle Diagram
Geography - Weathering and Mass Movement
Weathering
Mechanical
breakdown of rock without changing chemical composition
freeze-thaw weathering
temperature alternates above and below 0°C
water enters rocks with cracks
when water freezes and expands
pressure on rocks
when water thaws it contracts
releases pressure
repeated process widens cracks
rock breaks up
Chemical
breakdown of rock by changing chemical composition
Carbonation
warm and wet conditions
rainwater has carbon dioxide
weak carbonic acid
reacts with alkaline rock e.g. chalk
rocks dissolved by rainwater
Biological
action of flora and fauna
plant roots grow in cracks
animals burrow into weak rocks and minerals
rabbits
Mass Movement
downward movement of rocks and loose material down a slope
gravity
causes coasts to retreat rapidly
more likely when material is full of water
lubricant
material feels heavier
Slides
material shifts in straight line along a slide plane
Mudflow
saturated soil and weak rock flows down a slope
Rockfalls
material breaks up along bedding planes and falls down slope
Slumps
material rotates along curved slip plane