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Measuring workload intensities/energy expenditure - Coggle Diagram
Measuring workload intensities/energy expenditure
VO2Max
the maximum volume of oxygen consumer by the body per minute
measured in ml/Kg/M
how to measure it
use a progressive test to exhaustion in sports science lab conditions
simpler predictors
harvard step test
coopers run
multi-stage fitness test
a greater VO2Max means the body has a high ability to take in, transport and use oxygen (they have a great aerobic power/capacity)
factors affecting VO2Max
genetic disposition/physiology
capillary density
skeletal/cardiac/respiratory muscle mass
muscle fibres
myoglobin, mitochondria
body fat %
lung volume
training
quantity
quality
type
general factors
body composition
gender
age
lifestyle
Lactate sampling
how to do it
this calculates the level of lactate in your blood
measures in mmols/litre
get a droplet of blood into a lactate sample reader
enter data into table/graph
prick the skin (usually ear or finger
1-2mmol/litre at rest
20mmol/litre at absolute max production
uses
indicates how hard athlete is working at a given workload
compare levels of fitness to other athletes or to see improvements
can indicate if an athlete is more aerobic or anaerobic
help coaches set training programmes for fitness improvement
difficulties
intrusive to take blood
need specialist knowledge to interpret data
cost
RER
Respiratory exchange ratio
informs us which metabolic fuel (energy source) is predominantly being used during exercise
does this by calculating CO2 expired divided by O2 consumed
metabolising fats requires more oxygen, RER would be low
metabolising glucose requires less oxygen, RER would be high
important numbers
0.7 RER
nearly all aerobic respiration is from breakdown of fats
0.85 RER
aerobic respiration is from 50/50 contribution from fats and glucose
1.0 RER
aerobic respiration is nearly all from breakdown of glucose
1.0 RER
working anaerobically
what does it tell us
how hard we are working
indicate fitness level and highlight improvements
allows for glycogen sparring
balance of fats and glucose used at given workload, helps inform dietary planning
plan training programmes and intensities
indicator of level of fatigue
Indirect Calorimetry
measures our resting energy expenditure
through working out the oxygen consumed and carbon dioxide produced
calorimetry
we release heat when we use energy
measuring heat released determines energy expenditure
the measurement of heat transfer
'Burning calories'
how the test is done
using a metabolic cart and face mask
subject lays down and relaxes
machine calculates our metabolic rate at rest
1litre of oxygen consumed = 5 calories burned
why is it good
by working out REE we know how fast our Basel Metabolic rate is
can tell us how many calories we should intake to maintain energy balance
useful to calculate nutritional intake
help predict our fitness levels and VO2Max predictor
work out training zones or improvements
problems of validity and reliability
L - leakage of air during test
O - over/under feeding based on results
S - single snapshot, need to repeat regularly
E - errors in protocal