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Industrializatio - Coggle Diagram
Industrializatio
Brazil’s migration during the Second Industrial Revolution involved both internal movement and international immigration.
Rural poverty pushed many Brazilians toward cities, while European immigrants were attracted by jobs on plantations and in growing urban industries.
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Italy experienced heavy emigration due to poverty, poor farmland, and crises in rural areas, especially in the south. Many Italians moved abroad for industrial and agricultural jobs, while others migrated to Italian cities for work.
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France experienced both emigration and immigration during the Second Industrial Revolution. Rural hardship pushed many French people to leave the countryside, while industrial and agricultural jobs attracted immigrants from neighboring countries.
Together, these movements supported urban growth and met rising labor demands.
The United States attracted many immigrants during the Second Industrial Revolution because industrial cities offered jobs, higher wages, and greater freedom.
At the same time, many rural Americans moved to cities due to changes in agriculture and better industrial opportunities. Together, immigration and internal migration drove rapid urban growth and expanded the industrial workforce.
Japanese farmers were highly efficient, producing large amounts of food on limited land, which supported the development of advanced industries and arts.
The Japanese government invested heavily in infrastructure, including railways, mining, communications, and modern factories.
By 1890, Japan’s GDP per capita was about one-third of that of the United States but was growing at a similar rate, showing rapid economic development.
Prussia, the largest German-speaking state, industrialized quickly by building railways and public schools to support science and innovation.
It protected its industries with tariffs and benefited from abundant natural resources like coal and iron. By 1900, the German Empire had the largest economy in Europe.
By 1900, Austria-Hungary had the second-fastest economic growth in Europe, but it lagged behind Germany and Britain because it industrialized later.
Most of the population still relied on subsistence farming, despite growth in industries such as iron, sugar, oil, chemicals, electricity, and textiles.
