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Energy - Coggle Diagram
Energy
Electricity
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It can be easily transformed into other forms of energy, such as
light and heat.
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Electric power plants
Electric power plants are facilities where pnmary or secondary energy
is transformed into electricity, Once electricity is generated, it must be
transported to towns, cities or industrial parks.
Electncal power plants use an external source of energy to pmduce
electncity To do this, they rely on a turbine-alternator system
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An alternator has a fixed part, called a stator, and a moving part,
called a rotor, connected to the turbine shaft
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Non-conventional electric power plant The environmental problems caused by conventional power plants have
led to the creation and development of non-conventional or alternative
energy power plants. The main disadvantage of these power plants is that they generate
much less energy, since they use diffuse energy sources
The ir advantages are that they contaminate much less than
conventional power plants, they use renewable sources and they reduce the energy dependence of petroleum and natural gas.
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Solar power plants
These plants use the energy from the sun There are two main types of instaflations: photo-thermal and photovoltaic power plants.
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Geothermal power plants
These plants use the heat found at deep levels in the earth. This heat
may reach the surface in the form of steam, gases or hot water. Geothermal energy may be used directly — for hot water and heating,
industnal use and so on — and indirectly — the heat generates steam, which
produces electricity.
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Ocean power plants
These power plants use the energy from the seas and the oceans. The
concept is to use three types of energy from the sea
The mechanical energy from the tides.
• T he mechanical energy from the waves.
• T he energy from the ocean's thermal gradient.
These power plants are stdl in the experimental phase and their level of
production Is stdl very low.
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Environmental impact
The building and operating of an ejectncai power plant results in an ecological change in that region This is due both to the construction of the necessary infrastructure and the waste that this activity generates.
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Environmental impacts
Energy consumption is preceded by a long process, consisting of several
stages, each ol which has an environmental cost. The exploitation of fossil fuels and nuclear power means the depletion of resources, which makes it necessary to find new ones Fuel extraction processes are sometimes harmful to the environment. In particular, timber extractron has led to the disappearance of large areas of
forest, a process that is continuing even today.
Oil is transported by means of oil pipelines and oil tankers.
Oil pipehnes can suffer accidents caused by nature or human error,
which result in uncontrolled spills. Oil tankers can have accidents at sea, with the nsk of oil spills. Some
spills have caused oil slicks that have taken years to clean up and dissipate and have aftected the lives of many plant and animal species.
La rge hydroelectric power plants require water reservoirs covenng large areas, which protoundly change the natural cycle of overs,
flood large land areas and destroy ecosystems, in addition to mcreasing the nsk of accidents. C onventional thermal power plants can cause numerous problems
and environmental hazards They produce air pollution — suspended particles, CO, heavy
metal molecules and so on. They emit large amounts of COa which increases rhe greenhouse
effect.
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