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Electricity and Magnetism - Coggle Diagram
Electricity and Magnetism
Magnetism
Electricity
Materials can become electrically charged
Electric Charge is a Property of Matter
Electric Charge
Property that allows an object to exert an electric force on another object without touching it.
Electric Field
The space around a particle in which an electric charge can exert this force.
Static Charges are caused by the movement of electrons
Static Charge
Buildup of electric charge in an object.
Charging by Contact
Materials can Affect Static Charging
Charging by Induction
Induction
A buildup of charge without contact.
Charge Polarisation
Induction can build charge by changing the position of electrons.
Technology Uses Static Electricity
Charges Can Move From One Place to Another
Static Charges have Potential Energy
Electric Potential
Amount of potential potential energy per unit charge at a position in the electric field.
Volt
One joule of energy per coulomb of charge.
Lightning
High energy static discharge
Charge separation
Electrons get separated
Charge Buildup
The separated electrons build up, gaining energy.
Static discharge
The electrons have enough energy to now discharge in a lightning strike.
Materials Affect Charge Movement
Conductor
Allows charge to pass through easily, such as metal.
Insulator
Does not allow charge through easily, such as rubber.
Resistance
The property of a material that determines how easily charge can pass through it.
Measured in ohms
Superconductors
Grounding - providing a safe path for the charge to be absorbed.
Electric Current is a Flow of Charge
Electric Charge can Flow Continuously
Electric Current
Flow of Charge
Current, Voltage, and Resistance
Ampere (amp)
Amount of charge that flows past a given point per unit of time. An amp is a coulomb per second.
Ohm's Law
Current = Voltage / Resistance
Electric Cells Supply Electric Current
Electric Cell
Produces electric current using the chemical or physical properties of different materials.
Electrochemical Cells
Electric cell that produces current by chemical means.
Primary Cells
Produce through chemical
Storage Cells
Solar Cells
Circuits and Electronics
Electric Charge Flows in a Loop
Circuit
Closed path which a continuous flow of charge
Parts of a circuit
Conductor
Switch
Voltage Source
Electrical Device
Open and Closed Circuits
Current follows the path fo least resistance
Short Circuits
Unintended path connecting one part of a circuit with another
Grounding a Circuit
Safety devices control current