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Electricity and Magnetism - Coggle Diagram
Electricity and Magnetism
Chapter 19: Electricity
Chapter 19.1: Materials can become electrically charged.
Electric charge is a property of matter.
Electric Field: The space around a particle through which an electric charge can electric charge
Electric Charge: Electric charge is a property that allows an object to exert an electric force on another object without touching it.
Static charges are caused by the movement of electrons.
Static Charge: The buildup of electric charge in an object caused by the presence of many particles with the same charge.
Charging by contact
How materials affect static Charging
Charging by Induction
Induction: The buildup of charge without direct contact
Charge Polarization
Technology uses static electricity.
Chapter 19.2: Charges can move from one place to another.
Static charges have potential energy.
Electric Potential energy
Electric Potential
Electrical Potential: the amount of electric Potential energy per unit charge at a certain position in an electric field
volt: The measure of electric potential, equal to one joule of energy per columb of charge
Charge Movement
Lightning
Materials affect charge movement.
Conductors and Insulators
Conductor: A material that allows a electric charge to pass through it easily
Insulator: A material that does not easily allow a charge to pass through it is called an insulator
Resistance
Resistance: the property of a material that determines how easily a charge can move through it.
ohms: the unit for the measurement of resistance
Superconductors
Grounding
Grounding: providing a harmless, low-resistance path--a ground--for a electricity to follow
Chapter 19.3: Electric current is a flow of charge
Electric charge can flow continuously.
Electric current: a continuous flow of charge.
Current, Voltage, and resistance
Ampere: The standard unit of measrement for cu
Ohm's Law
Ohm's Law: the relationship, current = Voltage/resistance
Measuring Electricity
Electric cells supply electric current.
Electric Cell: produces current using the chemical or physical properties of different materials
Electrochemical Cells
Solar Cells
Chapter 20: Circuits and Electronics
Chapter 20.1: Charge needs a continuous path to flow.
Electronic Charge flows in a loop.
The Parts of a Circuit
Open and Closed Circuits
Circuit: A closed path through which a continuous charge can flow.
Current follows the path of least resistance.
Short Circuits
Short Circuit: A unintended path connecting one part of a circuit with another
Grounding a circuit
Safety devices control current.
How Fuses Work
Other Safety Device
Chapter 20.2: Circuits make electric current useful
Circuits are constructed for specific purposes
Circuits can have multiple paths
Series Circuits
Series Circuit: A Circuit in which current follows a single path.
Parallel Circuits
Parallel Circuit: A circuit in which current follows more than one path
Circuits convert electrical energy into other forms of energy.
Chapter 20.3: Electronic technology is based on circuits.
Electronics use coded information.
Electronic(device): A device that uses electric current to represent coded information.
Binary Code
Binary Code: A coding system consisting of two choices.
Digital Information
digital(information): Information that is represented as numbers, or digits.
Analog to Digital
Analog(information): Information that is represented in continuous but varying form
Computer circuits process digital information.
Computer: an electronic device that process digital information.
Integrated Circuits
Personal computers
Computers can be linked with other computers.
The Origin of the Internet
The Internet today
Chapter 21: Magnetism
Chapter 21.1: Magnetism is a force that acts at a distance
Magnets attract and repel other magnets
Magnet: an objects that attracts certain other materials, particularity iron and steel.
Magnetism
Magnetism: the force exerted by a magnet
Magnetic Poles
Magnetic poles: the parts of a magnet where the magnetism is the strongest.
Magnetic Fields
Magnetic Field: the region around a magnet in which the magnet exerts force
Some materials are magnetic.
Inside Magnetic Materials
magnetic domain: a group of atoms whose magnetic Fields are aligned.
Temporary and Permanent magnets
Earth is a magnet.
Earth's Magnetic Field
Magnetism and the Atmosphere
Chapter 21.2