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ENERGY AND ITS TRANFORMATION, iopipçp+, sgsg, jjmh, foto, dsg, fgtj, dag,…
ENERGY AND ITS TRANFORMATION
Energy sources
Energy sources are natural resources, we can get energy from them and they can be transform.
Household uses:
The operating of electrical appliances, heating systems, hot water systems, heat for cooking...
Industrial uses:
the operating of factories and companies.
WE CAN CLASSIFY THEM IN MANY WAYS:
By availability in nature and capacity for regeneration
By origin
By use in each country
By enviromental impact
Electricity
it is a form of energy and its very used because of two main reasons
it can be easily transformed
It can be transported long distances
ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
In electric power plants you can transform primary or secondary energy in electricity.
HOW DOES IT WORK?
They use external sources of energy to produce electricity to do this they use a turbine-alternator system.
Turbine:
converts energy into roating movement
Alenator:
it has three parts, one fixed part called stator, an moving part called rotot and an turbine conneced to the shaft.
Conventional electric power plants
Nuclear power plants:
this plant has nuclear fission reactor.
Fossil fuel thermal power plants:
they boil water in a boiler genereted from the combustion of fossil fuel.
Combined cycle power plants:
its a mix of air and gas and conventional thermal cycle.
Hydroelectric power plants
: They use stored water in a dam conveting it into kinetic energy.
Non conventional electric power plants
Wind power plants and wind farms
: they use the kinetic energy of the wind to move blades of a rotor, this is called wind turbine.
Solar power plants:
They use the energy from the sun, there are two types: photo thermal and photovoltaic power plants.
Photo-thermal power plant
: The heat produces steam that is used to mov the rotor.
Photovoltaic power plan:
the solar radiation is is convert ito photovoltaic cells panels.
Geothermal power plants:
These plants use the heat found into the deap surface, these generates steams which produces electricity.
Biomass thermal power plants:
Biomass consists of all organic compounds that are produced through natural processes.
Forestry and agricultural waste
Specific crops, such as sunflowers and sugar beet.
Waste from agri-food industries.
Ocean power plants:
These power plants use the energy from the seas and the oceans.
The mechanical energy from the tides.
The mechanical energy from the waves
The energy from the ocean's thermal gradient.
Environmental impact
As part of a technical proiect, it's mandatory to carry out an environmental impact assessment to find out what changes it would provoke in the environment
Extraction of natural resources
It means the over extraction of natural reosurces which can make the enviroment harmful.
Fuel transport
Oil pipelines can suffer accidents caused by nature or human error, which result in uncontrolled spills.
Electricity generation
there are three types
Hydroelectric power plants
Conventional thermal power plants
Nuclear thermal power plants
Final energy use
The fuels we use in vehicles and heating systems emit gases and particles similar to those generated by convenctional thermal power plants.
Waste treatment
Install
special filters
on the pipes at the power plant to capture some of the gas pollutants
Use coal with a
low sulphur content
, to reduce acid rain
Maintain and increase the size of large
forested areas
, since they absorb carbon dioxide
Some solutions
