Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
biolagy paper one - Coggle Diagram
biolagy paper one
microscopy
-
electron microscope allow you to visualise finer details due to their greater resolving power and higher resolutian
-
cell biolagy
-
prokaroyotic
cell membrane- controls what leaves and enters the cell
cytoplasm
mitochondria contorllls respiration where energy is released
dna in cytoplasm
mitosis
all human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes(diploid)
exept gameets (egg/sperm) which have just 23 (haploid)
-
differentitation
stem cells can specilise to peform spefic functions and are fount in animal embreyos and plant meristems
-
embryo clones can be made of a person to harvest stem from. theese can be used to treat conditons wihout them being rejcted fron the patients body
diffusion, osmosis active transport
diffusion
diffusion is the movement oif particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. doesnt require energy
osmosis
the movement of water across a semi permeable membrane from high concentration too low concenntration
practicle
1.)weigh AND PLACE IDENTICLE cylinder's FROM POTATO IN SUGAR solution of diffewrnt concentration
2.)remove after a day
3.)remove excess water and re weigh
4.) calculTION Is %change in mass=final mass-initial mass/intial mass*100
5.) plot graph and wherer it crosses excess is where theirs no change
active tansport
the movement of particles through a membrane which requires energy so can go from low concetration to high concentration
orginisation
when similar cells are together its called a tissue which when grouped together make an organ which is part of an organ system
-
enzymes
they are biological catalysts which brak down molocules into shorter ones
they are spefic as they only break down substrates that fit their active site
rate of reaction increases with temp until the enzymes denature same with ph
practicle
1) mix amylase with startch and start timer
2)remove frops from mixture every 10 secs and add iodine solution to that
recored the time for it to turn orange meaning no startch present
-
-
heart
doulbe circulatoiry system as the bllod enters heart twice everytiime it is pumped round the body
blood enters the heart from ther body at the vena cava where it then travvels through the right atrium and then the right ventricle then goes out the heart through the pulmanry atery and back in from the pulmonary vein and then through the left atrium and hten the left ventricle and out the body through the aorta
circulatory sytem
artery
carrys blood away from the heart
thick walls to withstand high pressure
fat can build up in arteries that restrics blood flow (CVD)
-
-
non communicable diseases
causes from inside the body
e.g diabites-obesity/poor diet
heart disease -diet,smoling and less exersise
comunicable-caused by pathogens
pathogens- a microorganism that causes disease (bacteria, viruses,fungi,protists
virus-reproduces by inserting genes into cells which causes them to produce more copies e.g measels
bacteria release toxins into your body that damages cells e.g gonoreha
fungi damages cells
protists single celled orgainsms e.g ,alaria is caused by a protist that infects red blood cells, mosquites are the vector
-
cancer
diesease cause by gentic mutations in cells causing them to multiply uncontrollably-tumor
benign doesnt spread
malignantspreads through body
immune system
skin stops them entering
mucus blocks it in your nose
trachea traps acid
enzymes kill pathogens
in plants cell wall, waxy cuticl and bark are barriers
WBC produce antitioxins which neutrilse toxins made by pathagons and make antiboides that bind to the antigen of a pathogen stopping the virus from infecting cells and cause them to clump together,
-
-
-