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Biology - Health and Disease - Coggle Diagram
Biology - Health and Disease
Health and Disease
Health
a state of physical and mental wellbeing
Diseases are responsible for ill health
strong immune system defends against disease
Communicable diseases
spread from person to person
between animals and people
caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi
Non-Communicable diseases
can’t spread
last a long time
get slowly worse
asthma, cancer, CRD
Different diseases can interact
immune system problems
communicable diseases
Infection by a pathogen
allergic reactions
Severe physical health problems
mental health issues
certain viruses
cancer
Factors that can Affect your Health
Diet
good, balanced diet provides body everything it needs
poor diet can negatively affect
Stress
constant stress
health issues
Life Situation
access to medicine
access to things that can prevent you getting ill i.e healthy food
Sleep
Exercise
Communicable Disease
Pathogens
microorganisms that enter the body and cause disease
Bacteria
very small cells
1/100th size of body cells
feel ill
produce toxins
damage cells and tissues
prokaryotic
multipy rapidly
direct contact
Viruses
not cells
1/100th size of bacterium
reproduce rapidly
invade host cells
reproduce inside them
cells burst
release new viruses
cell damage
feel ill
Vaccination prevents viral infections
Fungi
Eukaryotic
single-celled
multi-cellular
fungal hyphae grow
penetrate through tissues
damage
can produce spores
water / wind
fungicides
Protists
eukaryotic
single-celled
parasites
live inside host
feed on tissue
damage cells
vector
Spread of Pathogens
Water
drinking or bathing in dirty water
cholera
bacterial infection
drinking contaminated water
Air
breathed in
droplets
cough / sneeze
influenza
Direct Contact
touching contaminated surfaces
athlete’s foot
Reduce of prevent
Being hygienic
washing hands
Destroying vectors
insecticides or destroying habitat
Isolation
prevents passing it on
Vaccination
less likely to pass it on
Viral Diseases
Measles
animals
fever and red skin rash
col-like symptoms
droplets
highly infectious
no cure
vaccination
HIV/AIDS
animals
flu-like illness
untreated -> AIDS
bodily fluids
no cure
Tobacco mosaic virus
plants
mosaic pattern of discolouration on leaves
direct contact
no cure
good hygeine