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Coastal Processes - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Human actions affect the state of equilibrium within the coastal system
- - - - Freeze/thaw weathering - water in cracks in rocks freezes & expands, making the crack larger
      - Exfoliation - dry rock repeatedly expands in the day & cools in the night (due to the differences in temperature), so the top layer of rock disintegrates
      - Salt crystallisation - salt crystals deposited in cracks in rock accumulate over time & apply pressure to the crack
      - Wetting & drying - some rocks expand when wet & contract when dry, putting strain on the integratory of the rock, so the rock fractures
    - - Carbonation - carbonic acid in rainwater reacts with calcium carbonate in limestone to form soluble calcium bicarbonate, which is carried away in solution
      - Oxidation - oxygen & water interact with iron in rocks & the iron oxidises (rusts)
      - Hydrolysis - acidic rainwater breaks down rock
      - Solution - other salt minerals in the rock are dissolved
    - - E.g. a plant grows in a crack in the rock & its roots force the crack to widen, so the rock breaks away
  - - - Rockslides - a large amount of rock slides down a cliff
      - Mudslides - a large amount of mud slides down a cliff