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Ophthalma - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Breathing into paper bag
      - High flow oxygen
      - Eye massage (within first 90 minutes)
      - IV acetazolamide
  - - - Flashes of light
      - Floaters
      - Curtain coming down
  - - - Every 2 years
      - Every year if additional risk factors
  - - - Morphine
      - Organophosphate poisoning
      - Intracranial hemorrhage
      - Iritis or uveitis
    - - Amphetamines, cocaine, LSD
      - Third nerve palsy
    - - Acute glaucoma
      - Third nerve palsy
  - - - All household contacts
      - Entire community during epidemic
    - - Aboriginal adults >40 every 2 years
      - Opportunistic screening in children
- - - - Sudden severe unilateral pain
      - Halos around lights
      - Dilated fixed pupil
      - Photophobia, lacrimation, blurred vision, red eye
      - Investigation: tonometry (↑ IOP)
      - First step: oral acetazolamide
      - Other drugs: timolol, alpha agonist, pilocarpine
      - Avoid atropine
      - Long term: iridotomy
    - - Gradual bilateral peripheral vision loss
      - Tunnel vision
      - Risk factors: DM, myopia
      - Fundoscopy: optic disc cupping
      - ↑ IOP on tonometry
      - Treatment: timolol, pilocarpine, prostaglandin analogues
      - Long term: trabeculectomy
- - - - Admission + IV flucloxacillin + IV ceftriaxone
- - - - Treatment: IV ceftriaxone
    - - Treatment: refer to ophthalmology + oral erythromycin or azithromycin
  - - - Purulent discharge
      - Treatment: eye toilet + topical chloramphenicol
      - Exclude from school until discharge stops
    - - Bilateral watery discharge
      - Itching, burning
      - Eyelid swelling
      - Atopic history
      - Treatment: oral or topical antihistamines + artificial tears
    - - Both watery and burning
      - Allergic: always bilateral + itching
      - Viral: unilateral or bilateral