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🌐 OMSC Ch6–11 Mind Map (Integrated Layout) - Coggle Diagram
🌐 OMSC Ch6–11 Mind Map (Integrated Layout)
🧭 Guiding Ideas (Big Picture)
🎯 Goal: deliver value (cost, quality, speed, flexibility)
🌊 Think in flow: reduce waiting + smooth processes
📊 Use data: measure → diagnose → improve
🔁 Continuous improvement: small changes, repeated
🧠 FLOW & PROCESS (Core Metrics + Diagnosis) — Ch6
📈 Key measures
Flow time (T): time in system (wait + work)
Throughput rate (R): output per time
WIP (I): average items/customers in system
⭐ Little’s Law: I = R × T
🗺️ Process understanding
Process map / flowchart
Service blueprint (frontstage vs backstage)
Value-added vs non-value-added time
🚧 Bottleneck focus
Bottleneck = step with lowest capacity
Symptoms: long queue before it, high utilization
Fixes
Add capacity at bottleneck
Reduce setup / interruptions
Move tasks off bottleneck
Standardize work
🚀 LEAN SYSTEM (Remove Waste + Improve Flow) — Ch7
📌 Lean principles
Value → Value stream → Flow → Pull → Perfection
🗑️ Common waste (simple list)
Waiting, defects, extra motion, overproduction, inventory
🧰 Lean tools
5S
Kanban (pull / WIP limit)
Setup reduction (faster changeovers)
Standard work
TPM (maintenance to avoid downtime)
✅ Lean outcomes
Lower WIP + shorter lead time + more stable flow
⚠️ Lean risk
Too lean can be fragile if demand/supply is unstable
✅ QUALITY SYSTEM (Stability + Less Variation) — Ch8–9
🎯 What “quality” means
Meeting customer requirements consistently
💰 Cost of quality (COQ)
Prevention + Appraisal
Internal failure (scrap/rework)
External failure (returns/warranty/reputation)
📉 Control (keep process stable)
SPC control charts
Variables vs attributes charts (basic idea)
Out-of-control signals → investigate causes
🔧 Improvement (reduce root causes)
Pareto (focus on biggest problems)
Fishbone + 5 Whys (root cause)
🔁 PDCA / DMAIC (Six Sigma)
✅ Quality outcomes
Less variation → less rework → faster flow + better service
📊 PLANNING SYSTEM (Future Demand → Resources) — Ch10–11
🔮 Forecasting (Ch10)
What to look for
Trend / seasonality / randomness
Methods
Moving average
Exponential smoothing
Causal (drivers)
🎯 Accuracy checks
MAD / MAPE
Bias (over vs under forecast)
🏭 Capacity planning (Ch11)
Capacity terms
Design vs effective vs actual
Key decisions
Size / timing / location / technology
Options to match demand
Overtime / extra shifts
Temps / cross-training
Outsourcing
Inventory buffer (for stable demand)
Postponement (delay final customization)
⚖️ Trade-offs
High utilization → more waiting
More capacity → higher cost but better service
🔗 CONNECTIONS (Draw lines between these nodes)
🔮 Forecasting → 🏭 Capacity (staffing, resources, planning)
✅ Quality → 🧠 Flow metrics (rework increases T and WIP)
🚀 Lean → 🧠 Flow metrics (pull reduces WIP, improves lead time)
🗺️ Process mapping → 🚀 Lean tools / ✅ Quality tools (find where to improve)