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供应链金融第一章：范围 (Supply Chain Finance Chapter 1: Scope) - Coggle Diagram
供应链金融第一章：范围 (Supply Chain Finance Chapter 1: Scope)
背景与基本概念 (Background and Basic Concepts)
成本洼地与融资需求 (Cost Depression and Financing Needs)
中小企业迫切需要融资支持 (SMEs need financing urgently)
利用金融和财务手段解决资金问题 (Use financial and fiscal means to solve problems)
供应链金融的定义 (Definition of Supply Chain Finance)
供应链参与方与外部金融服务提供者的协作 (Collaboration between participants and external financial providers)
旨在实现供应链目标并优化物流、信息流和资金流 (Aims to achieve goals by optimizing logistics, information, and capital flows)
国内外理解的异同 (Similarities and Differences at Home and Abroad)
相同点：均起源于供应链融资 (Same: Both start with supply chain financing)
国外差异：扩展至动产融资与运营资本管理 (Foreign: Extended to chattel mortgage and operational capital management)
国内现状：侧重于应收账款、仓单及已付账款融资 (Domestic: Focus on accounts receivable, warehouse bill, and paid accounts financing)
运行基础 (Operational Foundations)
微观基础：供应链管理 (Micro-Foundation: Supply Chain Management)
核心定义：规划和管理采购、转换及所有物流活动 (Definition: Planning and managing procurement, conversion, and logistics)
7R原则：正确的商品、数量、成本、质量、地点、时间、价格 (7R Principle: Right product, quantity, cost, quality, place, time, price)
现代供应链特征：追求卓越服务、速度及组织精简 (Characteristics: Pursue excellent service, speed, and lean organization)
资金缺口与现金周期 (Funding Gap and Cash Cycle)
产生原因：企业支出和收入的时间错位 (Cause: Mismatch between timing of corporate spending and revenues)
现金转换周期 (CCC)：涉及存货天数(DIH)、应收账款天数(DSO)及应付账款天数(DPO) (CCC: Involving DIH, DSO, and DPO)
解决方法：延长支付周期、早期折扣及供应商管理库存(VMI) (Resolutions: Extended payment, early discounts, and VMI)
宏观基础 (Macro-Foundation)
国际贸易全球化催生新融资模式 (Globalization creates new financing modes)
商业银行寻求新的利润增长点 (Commercial banks seeking new profit growth points)
核心模式与特征 (Core Models and Characteristics)
M+1+N 模式 (The M+1+N Model)
1：核心企业 (Core enterprise)
M：众多供应商 (Many suppliers)
N：分销商或客户 (Distributors or customers)
主导地位：通常由金融机构或商业银行主导 (Dominance: Usually led by financial institutions or commercial banks)
主要特点 (Main Characteristics)
现代供应链管理是基本理念 (Modern SCM is the basic concept)
大数据评价是服务前提 (Big data evaluation is the premise)
闭合式资金运作是刚性需求 (Closed-end capital operation is a rigid demand)
服务对象主要是成长性中小企业 (Main targets are growing SMEs)
针对目标是流动性较差的资产 (Targeting assets with poor liquidity)
功能与生态系统 (Functions and Ecosystem)
三大核心功能 (Three Core Functions)
追踪供应链资金流 (Track supply chain capital flows)
金融资金的灵活有效运用 (Flexible and effective use of financial funds)
扩大金融资源的源泉 (Expanded the source of financial resources)
生态系统参与者 (Ecosystem Participants)
宏观层面：环境影响者 (Macro: Environmental influencers)
产业层面：机构参与者 (Industrial: Institutional participants)
微观层面：内部运营与财务部门 (Micro: Internal operational and finance departments)
交易风险管理者的职责 (Responsibilities of Trading Risk Manager)
整合物流数据与大数据运用 (Integration of logistics and big data)
支撑交易和信用风险平台 (Support platform for trading and credit risk)
促进融资行为及 5W1H 管理 (Promote financing practices and 5W1H)