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SOCIAL
DARWINISM, History of the door, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and…
SOCIAL
DARWINISM
- đź’ˇ Darwins applied in society
- 1870s
Herbert Spencer
- British philosopher
- suitable: natural selection for society
- divided by classes → "the fittest survives".
- poor and oppressed = "less suitable"
- justifies inequality as "natural"
Francis Galton
- Eugenics → intentional selection
- ✔️ playback of "suitable" classes
- Pressure on 👩‍🎓 to reproduce
History of the door
SONG FUNCTION
- Gradual introduction of horror
- Anticipates the dual nature of man
- Third-person narrator
→ introduce Hyde
CHARACTER: MR UTTERSON
- strict with himself, tolerant of others
- Victorian symbol of respectability
→ rationality and self-control
RELATIONSHIP WITH ENFIELD
- Richard Enfield→ worldly
- Sunday walks:
→ fixed ritual and they speak little
- Meaning→ human duality
SETTING
- London Street→ ordered
- contrast→ left door and degraded
→ windowless, ruined, vagabonds and children
- evil hidden within the respectable city
KEY THEMES
- Duality→ appearance vs reality
- Hidden evil
- Victorian hypocrisy
- Irrational instinct→ hatred
- Gothic atmosphere
STORY BY ENFIELD (CHILD)
- winter night and deserted streets
- Hyde hits a little girl→ I hate
- doctor→ desire to kill him
- Hyde→ pays to avoid scandal
-
Jekyll's
experiment
Purpose of the experiment
- Jekyll→ know the 2 natures of man:
→ Good Jekyll + Evil Hyde
- live freely→ resolve moral duality
Main themes
- Duality of human nature
- Conflict between good and evil
- Freedom without moral constraints vs. responsibility
- Consequences of the rejection of moral conscience
- Psychological and Gothic Horror
Transformation
- drink the potion overnight
- Intense physical pain
- Positive and liberating feelings
- Look in the mirror→ welcome
- Perceived as distinct→ "pure evil"
Return to Jekyll
- He drinks to get back to himself
- Hyde's evil→ ready to emerge
- irreducible duality
Stevenson
(1850-1894)
Life
- Edinburgh (1850).
- Childhood → poor health
- influence→ family Calvinism.
- đź“– Engineering + Law
- conflict→ Victorian society:
→ eccentric→ ❌ religious values
→ first British bohemians
- 💒👩🏼🇺🇸→ moved to the Pacific:
- 🪦 1894→ cerebral hemorrhage.
Main works
- Style: suspenseful, supernatural
- Treasure Island (1883)
- The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (1886)
- Kidnapped (1886)
- The Master of Ballantrae (1889)
- New Arabian Nights (1882)
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