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Viruses, Chp 27 Bacteria - Coggle Diagram
Viruses
Types
• Retrovirus
has RNA to start vs. DNA (they are more deadly) reverse transcriptase to copy their RNA genome into DNA
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Bacteriophages
also called phages, are viruses that infect bacteria
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Disease and treatment
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vaccine
is a harmless derivative of a pathogen that stimulates the immune system to mount defenses against the harmful pathogen
Antiviral
drugs can help to treat, not cure, viral infections by inhibiting synthesis of viral DNA and by interfering with viral assembly
Viruse enters cell
Lytic cycle
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results in the death of the host cell (reproduces only with the lytic cycle: this is called a virulent phage)
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Lysogenic cycle
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virus replicates w/o destroying the host (reproduces with both lytic and lysogenic: this is called temperate phages)(NOT permanent )
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Chp 27 Bacteria
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Why bacteria thrive
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Small size and rapid reproduction
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Structure
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endospore
evolutionary adaption that allows bacteria to survive during harsh environments dormant version for bacteria
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Horizontal gene transfer
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Sharing Bacterial DNA
Transduction –“ “ but contact can occur
Conjugation -Transfer of DNA from one prokaryote to another. DNA movement is unidirectional
Transformation- a bacterial cell can take in pathogenic DNA making original cell pathogenic
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