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Neuroplasticity, Neurotransmission - Coggle Diagram
Neuroplasticity
synaptic plasticity
Synaptic plasticity is the ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time in response to increases or decreases in their activity.
Example: This is the "use it or lose it" rule for brain connections—constantly practicing a language will strengthen those memory synapses, while not using an old skill will let those connections fade.
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cortial remapping
Cortical remapping is the brain's ability to reorganize its functional layout, such as when sensory input from one area invades a neighboring region after injury.
Example: In a musician who loses their left hand, the brain area for that hand doesn't go silent; it may start processing touch signals from their cheek, which is why touching their face can feel like touching the missing "phantom hand."
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grey vs white matter
Grey matter consists primarily of neuronal cell bodies and dendrites, while white matter is composed mainly of myelinated axons that facilitate communication between brain regions.
Example: Think of your brain as a city: grey matter is the individual buildings (where processing happens), and white matter is the highways and fiber optic cables connecting the buildings (allowing for fast communication).
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dendritic branching
Dendritic branching is the growth and expansion of dendrites, increasing the receptive surface of a neuron and its capacity to form synaptic connections.
Example: When you consistently learn complex new skills, like chess or a new instrument, your brain cells grow more branches to communicate, similar to a tree growing more limbs to capture more sunlight.
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long term potentiation
Long-term potentiation is a persistent strengthening of synaptic connections based on recent patterns of activity, serving as a cellular mechanism for learning.
Example: If you practice a new guitar chord repeatedly, the specific connections between the neurons controlling that finger movement become stronger and faster, much like wearing a smooth, quick path through tall grass.
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synaptic pruning
neuron and its capacity to form synaptic connections.
Synaptic pruning is the process of eliminating less active synaptic connections to increase the efficiency of neural networks, especially during development.
Example: In a teenager's brain, unnecessary neural connections—like those for outdated childhood reflexes—are trimmed away to streamline more essential pathways for advanced reasoning and social skills, much like pruning a rose bush to encourage stronger blooms.
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Neurotransmission
Neurontransmitters
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Dopamine
contols the brain's reward + pleasure centers. plays a key role in motivation; lower levels if dopamine are linked to addictive behavior
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Serotonin
Sleep, Arousal level + emotion
Dopamine, Norepinephrine & serotonin play a big role in mental health
Together they controls our mood, sleep, learning and memory, sexual arousla and mental illness
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Acetylcholine
an excitatory neurotransmitter, plays a role in the encoding of some memories
Neurocommunication
Electric process
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synapse
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sunaptic vesicle release neurotransmitter, and it go through synaptic gap and combine with receptor
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