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5Fb_1.4 Major research traditions in color psychology色彩心理学的主要研究脉络： -…
5Fb_1.4 Major research traditions in color psychology色彩心理学的主要研究脉络：
1.4.1 Color physiology色彩生理学
How wavelengths of light activate the three types of retinal cone cells (L/M/S cones);光的波长如何激活视网膜中的三类视锥细胞（L/M/S cones）；
How color stimuli travel through the optic nerve to reach the visual cortex;色彩刺激如何通过视神经到达大脑视觉皮层
How different colors influence heart rate, blood pressure, hormones, and the autonomic nervous system.不同颜色对心率、血压、荷尔蒙与自主神经系统的影响。
color is not merely a psychological suggestion—it produces measurable physiological changes色彩不是心理暗示那么简单
Healthcare environments, therapeutic spaces, and rest areas must therefore consider the physiological load and restorative effects of color.医疗空间、疗愈空间、休息区等必须考虑色彩的生理负荷和恢复效果；
For example, high-saturation reds significantly increase arousal levels and are not suitable for use as large-area background colors.例如：高饱和红会明显提高唤醒水平，不适合作为大面积背景色。
1.4.2 Color perception & visual science色彩感知与视觉科学
1.4.2.1Color Perception: Not What You See Is What You Think色彩感知：不是“看到什么就是什么”
1.4.2.2Color Constancy: The Brain's Automatic White Balance色恒常性（Color Constancy）：大脑的“自动白平衡”
1.4.2.3Simultaneous contrast & afterglow effect: Colors are "deceived by the background"同时对比 & 继色效应：颜色是“被背景骗的”
1.4.2.4Color Representation,Visual Illusion and Trans-sensory Perception色彩表象、视觉错觉与跨感官感知
1.4.2.5Ten Principles of Visual Science for Designers给设计师的视觉科学十条原则
1.4.2.7.1 Colors are not "seen" but "computed" by the brain颜色不是被“看到”，而是被“大脑计算出来的”
1.4.2.7.2Color constancy makes colors appear unchanged, but in reality, they undergo tremendous changes.色恒常性让颜色“看起来不变”，但其实变化巨大
1.4.2.7.3Colors are always relative, not absolute颜色永远是相对的，而不是绝对的
1.4.2.7.4The contrast effect creates a 'background deception' illusion in color perception.同时对比效应会让颜色产生“被背景欺骗”的错觉
1.4.2.7.5Highly saturated colors can cause visual fatigue, while low-saturation colors are more visually appealing.高饱和色容易造成视觉疲劳，低饱和色更耐看
1.4.2.7.6Brain "likes" neutral colors because they are easier to process大脑“喜欢”中性色，因为更省力
1.4.2.7.7Color in Space Affects Weight and Volume空间中的颜色会影响“重量感”与“体积感”
1.4.2.7.8Brightness Affects Spatial Perception More Than Hue亮度比色相更影响空间感知
1.4.2.7.9The human attention will be automatically attracted to the high contrast area人的注意力会自动被高对比区域吸引
1.4.2.7.10Material and light affect color presentation more than color itself材质与光比颜色本身更影响色彩呈现
1.4.3 Emotion–color relationships (Elliot & Maier)情绪与颜色的关联（Elliot & Maier）
1.4.3.1The emotional effects of color are not universally fixed but highly context-dependent. 色彩的情绪效应并非普遍固定，而是高度依赖情境（context-dependent）
1.4.4Color semiotics色彩符号学
1.4.4.1Color as a Symbol:Several Dimensions颜色作为“符号”的几个维度
1.4.4.2Typical examples of cultural differences典型文化差异例子