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Epidemiology - Coggle Diagram
Epidemiology
Definitions
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A healthy citizenry benefits society, while disease creates major burdens
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Epidemiology studies the geographic distribution & timing of disease and how it is transmitted & maintained in nature
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Reservoirs & Carriers
Reservoir- site where pathogens persist or reside. Ex: soil, water, monkeys
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Passive Carrier- contaminated with the pathogen & mechanically transmits it to another host; not infected
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Modes of Transmission
Direct Contact
Vertical- mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding
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Indirect Contact
Transmission via Fomites- nonliving objects. Ex: doorknobs, towels, syringes
Vehicle Transmission
food, water, & air act as a vehihcle
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Vector Transmission
Mechanical Vector- carries pathogen on body, not as an infection
Biological Vector- becomes infected and transmits it. Ex: mosquitoes, ticks, fleas
History
John Snow- father of epidemiology; identified source of of the Broad Street Cholera outbreak in London 1854
Florence Nightingale- recorded cause of illnesses during war; nurse dispatched by British military during Crimean War
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