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3 - Establishing Databases and Data Warehousing - Coggle Diagram
3 - Establishing Databases and Data Warehousing
Database Management System Architecture
Hierarchical
Logical tree structure
Each node may have zero, one or several children but one parent
Distributed
Flat two-dimensional tables made up of rows and columns
Correspond to datasheet
Vocabulary
Number of lines = cardinality
Number of columns = degree
Primary keys
Candidate keys
Primary keys
Alternate keys
Foreign keys
Polyinstantiation = multiple rows with same primary key for noise and perturbation
SQL
Data Definition Language (DDL)
Data Manipulation Language (DML)
Relational database transactions
Atomicity
All or nothing
Consistency
Same environment rules
Isolation
No parallelism
Durability
Transactions once committed must be preserved
Security for Multilevel Databases
Conccurency
Lock feature to allow one user to make changes but deny other users access to views or make changes to data elements at the same time
Lost updates
Dirty reads
Aggregation
Functions that combine records from one or more tables to produce potentially useful information. There is a risk that sensitive information can be extrapolated from this.
Inference
Combining several pieces of nonsensitive information to gain access to information that should be classified at a higher level.
Other security mechanisms
Semantic integrity
Objects can be controlled granularly within the database
Cell suppression
Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)
NoSQL
Key-value stores
Graph database
Document stores