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ENG45C, How does religious belief affect the way we act? What happens if…

- - - - There’s an implementation of convolution to attract attention to writing. (Thickening the paint to draw attention to the texture of the paint itself along with the content of the painting.)
  - - - Virginia Woolf suggests that genre is a commercial aspect of the novel, and it confines the writer. Free from commodity and the demand for genres, there would be no need for a plot in novels.
      - Woolf lets the perspective flows from character to character, and so this along with the free indirect discourse in the novel becomes disorienting as the third person narration of internal thoughts blend together.
  - - - “The Dead" James Joyce
        
        "Lily, the caretaker’s daughter, was literally run off her feet."
        
        The narrator absorbs the diction of the people that we brush by.
    - - "What a lark! What a plunge!"
  - - - Gothic Imagery: The setting and lighting create a sense of claustrophobia, and aid the usage of shadows to conceal elements of the streets. A blinding contrast is then created when the narrator finally follows the man to the bar. The differently described streetlights also act as reflections of the man's demeanor/the setting as the night progressed.
  - - - Imagism: the direct treatment of the “thing."
        
        “Spring and All” William Carlos Williams
        
        "Spring and All” contrasts “The Waste Land” in its imagery and in its approach. One is filled with obscure references, while the other is readable to those who know English.
        
        H.D.
        
        “In a Station of the Metro” Ezra Pound
        
        In this verbless poem, everything feels precisely placed. Even the title makes up a third of the poem providing crucial context to the poem. An image is presented and the syllables, rhyme, or even the semicolon can all inform interpretations of said image.
      - Treat description as a science, not as advertisement. Be particular about every word, sound, and rhythm and use it to describe an image in a way that isn’t painterly and superfluous. Use only the words that you exactly mean to use. Be intentional.
    - - “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” Langston Hughes: There is an assertion of self with the usage of “I”. The poem’s usage of past tense and the third stanza’s journey through time and location leads to the culmination of the speaker as a whole.
      - “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” T. S. Eliot
        
        Eliot explores ideas of indecisiveness, with a repetitive assurance of time (an allusion to Andrew Marvell’s ”To His Coy Mistress” which asserts that there is no time) in the figure of Prufrock. This creates a tone that almost feels contradictory to the love song that the title suggests. The contradictory nature of the poem continues with the grand and epic nature of the allusions and imagery, (Dante and Michelangelo) being placed next to Prufrock’s unsureness.
      - No work is uninformed by it’s predecessor, and its creation informs the way future works are created and perceived. Not only that, it also impacts the art that preceded it.
- - - - Have we reached a “post-colonial” era?
      - Things Fall Apart Chinua Achebe: A time-lined look at the fall of the traditional world of Nigeria. The mid-20th century brings forth waves of decolonize movements.
    - - Contextually about the Irish Revolt against British rule. “A terrible beauty was born.” Yeats demonstrates how the average citizen in the community comes to become more active in the revoltuion. The original rebellion was not supported widely, but the British’s violent response sparked outrage.
  - - - Joyce had a complicated relationship with Ireland, holding more love for Dublin. He supported Irish Independence from the Great Britain colonies.This translates to Gabriel’s reactions to Ms. Ivor’s comments about him being a West Briton, or his reaction to her inviting him to the Aran Isles.
  - - - In the midst of the present while standing on grey pavements in the road, the poet/speaker pledges in future tense to be surrounded by the nature of Innisfree.
    - - The brick wall that Bartleby’s window faces could represent a disconnect with nature that industrialization spurs on. Alternatively, he was stuck in one of his "dead-wall reveries” as the narrator described it. If he were a man of action, would this an act of defiance, or simply acting in his own interest?
    - - The speaker sheds his natural flesh for a metallic body that would immortalize him. Ireland is not for the old, and so he must leave, demeaning his aging body.
    - - “Oread” H. D.
        
        The title refers to the mountain nymph of Greek mythology. The poem is written with imperative verbs, giving it a commanding tone, creating energy with in the language of the poem. Perhaps the imagery of the poem is written only with the visual of greenery because that’s the only world a mountain nymph can see.
        
        Sappho
      - Georgia O'Keeffe
      - “Nude Young Dancer” Langston Hughes
        
        The element of question in the poem is provoking and complimentary. The beauty of the jungle is mesmerizing.
- - - - Do we hold onto faith, even if there is no concrete sign of its arrival day after day.
    - - Ms. Kilman is a religious individual that dislikes the idea of Clarissa. She tries to implement her faith in Elizabeth.
      - Proportion and Conversion are personified by Sir William Bradshaw in his justification for removing those mentally unwell from his version of proper society.
    - - The poem demonstrates Yeats belief in cyclical cosmology, with ideas like the end also being the beginning. There’s an element of mystique with apocalyptic imagery and mythical beasts. The speaker wonders if there is truly a point to this almost nonsensical violence, which is fitting as Yeats had wrote this at the end of World War One.
  - - - The Sexual Child - The text offers several suggestions of psycho-sexuality through its ambiguity about the children. This is explored through Mrs. Grose’s account of Miles and Peter’s relationship, leading to the Governess’ possessiveness over “my [her] boy.”
      - Another popular psychoanalytical reading from Edmund Wilson suggests that the governess manifested ghosts as suppressions of her sexual desires directed towards the children's father. Her actions manifest in paranoia, and end up harming the children.
    - - “Eurydice” H.D.
        
        Retells Eurydice’s myth by giving her a voice and agency. Her perspective subsequently is more bitter, including naturalistic elements to embody her emotions.
      - “Sea Rose” H.D.
        
        Erotic imagery? Something more dangerous, “Can the spice-rise / drip such acrid fragrance / hardened in a leaf?"
- - - - “The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain”
        Langston Hughes: What does it mean to be a Black artist, and how does separating self from race as part of one’s own identity become wanting to be whiter?
      - Their Eyes Were Watching God Zora Neale Hurston
        
        Hurston offers a look into the lives of African Americans that isn’t predominantly ruled over by white people. Her exploration of Jamie
    - - Langston Hughes
        
        “The Weary Blues”: The cascading couplet rhyme scheme of the poem paired with elements of repetition, mixed with syncopated indents, and the speaker’s description of sound through assonance and onomatopoeia compliments the drawling musical elements the speaker witnesses. The poem ends on a grimmer tone of the man goings into a dead-like sleep as the evening ends, tying into the “weary” of the title.
        
        “Harlem (2)”: This poem asks what happens when a dream is put on hold, in particular referring to those who are underprivileged, or have newly emigrated to what is being portrayed as the land of opportunity. The three alternate guesses afterwards are all different ways a food may change when left for too long, before given an option to sag, or explode. There’s no predicting the dream deferred, but one could argue that it could be multiple of these outcomes. Particularly ending the poem with the explosion creates an energy loaded with potential.
        
        “I, Too”
    - - William Carlos Williams
        
        “The Red Wheelbarrow”: Williams writes of the American Dream in this poem. It could be an observation of the individualism that comes from this ideal. “so much depends / upon // a red wheel // barrow” creates a connection between the working class person to the red wheel barrow.
        
        “Spring and All”: On the way to the hospital the speaker views a transition from winter into spring. The poem feels Victorian in its language, shifting from lifelessness in the fourth stanza to rebirth for the second half. The poem's looser rhythmic structure with its enjambment makes it feel looser and more improvisational in its musicality. The hospital is the only thing that removes the poem from the natural setting. Williams could be directing this rebirth into the hospital, or to the world as a look into post-World War I.
      - “Let America be America Again” Langston Hughes
        
        This poem acknowledges the united struggle of the American people stuck under the unjust system set up by the elite. He unites everyone by using the first person to speak for everyone struggling. He calls for the America that people who migrated over were promised. Everything remains in the present tense, until he calls for an America for the people in the future tense.
  - - - The Compson family has a doomed fate from the start. Their tragedy is reflective of the overall south that’s been neglected from the Civil War. There may also be implications of Faulkner critiquing modernization in relation to Jason’s care, examining a rationalization of capitalism as the system reaches out for efficiency over everything.
      - Dilsey demonstrates the paradoxical nature of the Quentins, who are determined to demonstrate their individualism while still depending on Dilsey, exploiting her for labor.