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motion and forces - Coggle Diagram
motion and forces
motion
position describes the location of an object
describing a position
measuring distance
Motion is a change in position
describing a motion
relative motion
speed measures how fast position changes
position can change at diffrent rates
calculating speed
average speed
distance-time graphs
velocity includes speed and direction
velocity
velocity versus speed
Acceleration measures how fast velocity changes
speed and direction can change with time
acceleration can be calculated from velocity and time
calculating acceleration
acceleration over time
velocity-time graphs
forces
Forces change motion
a force is a push or pull
types of forces
contact force
Gravity
friction
Size and direction of forces
Balanced and unbalanced forces
forces on moving objects
newtons first law relates force and motion
Galileo's thought experiment
newtons first law
Inertia
Force and mass determine acceleration
newton's second law relates force mass and acceleration
newtons second law
Force equals mass times acceleration
Mass acceleration
Forces can change the direction of motion
Centripetal force
circular motion and newton's second law
Forces act in pairs
Newton's third law relates action and reaction forces
action and reaction pairs
Action and reaction forces versus balanced forces
newton's three laws describe and predict motion
Forces transfer momentum
objects in motion have momentum
Momentum can be transferred from one object to another
Momentum is conserved
two types of collisions
Momentum and newton's third law
gravity, friction, and pressure
Gravity is a force exerted by masses
Masses attract each other
the force of gravity
Gravity on earth
weight and mass
gravity keeps objects in orbit
Spacecraft in orbit
people in orbit
friction is a force that opposes motion
Friction occurs when surfaces slide against each other
forces and surfaces
friction and heat
motion through fluids produces friction
pressure depends on force and area
Pressure describes how a force spreads over and area
Pressure acts in all directions in fluids
Pressure in fluids depend on depth
Pressure in water
Pressure in air
fluids can exert a force in objects
fluids can exert an upward force on objects
buoyancy
Density and buoyancy
the motion of fluids affects its pressure
Bernoulli's principle
Applying Bernoulli's principle
Forces can be transmitted through fluids
Pascals principle
hydraulics
work and energy
Work is the use of force to move an object
Forces is necessary to do work
force, motion, work
calculating work
objects that are moving can do work
energy is transferred wehn work is done
work transfers energy
work changes potential and kinetic energy
calculating gravitational potential energy
Calculating kinetic energy
Calculating mechanical energy
the total amount of energy is constant
conserving mechanical energy
losing mechanical energy
forms of energy
thermal energy
Chemical energy
Nuclear energy
electromagnetic energy
power is the rate at which work is done
power can be calculated from work and time
calculating power from work
horsepower
Power can be calculated from energy and time
calculating power and energy
everyday power
Machines
Machines help people do work
Machines change the way force is applied
changing size and distance
changing direction
mechanical advantage of machine
work transfers energy
energy
work
output work always less than input work
efficiency and energy
increasing efficiency
six simple machine have many uses
there are 6 simple machines
lever
pulley
wheel and axle
inclined plane
wedge
screw
the mechanical advantage of a machine can be calculated
Modern technology uses compound machines
compound machines are combinations of simple machines
gears
mechanical advantage of compound machines
modern technology crates new uses for machines
micro-technology and nanotechnology