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Algorithms - Coggle Diagram
Algorithms
Noble: Algorithms of Oppression
Negative and Stereotypical search results for African Americans
Pornography
Neoliberalism
Systemic and structural exclusion
Racism
Riccio et al: Mirror, Mirror on the Wall
White homogenization of beauty
Social media perpetuating racist standards
Filters
"Being a Western-driven process, it presents the Western world as attractive and beneficial, while appropriating, homogenizing, and standardizing the Global South." Pg. 11
McCosker & Tucker: Bootstrapping the Digital Divide
Digital Literacy
Relying on one's own self
Precarious living situtations
Economic struggle
Access to education
"The approach and findings complement population measures and benchmarks that establish demographic predictors of digital and social disadvantage and help to identify mechanisms for interventions that align more directly with the lives of those in low-income and socially disadvantaged circumstances." Pg. 118
"Institutional relations predicated on gender and race situate women and people of color outside the power systems from which technology arises." Pg. 42
Lin: The Fetishized Identity Economy
Commodification of Identity
Falsified autheticity
Celebrities
Influencers
Social Media
Trends
Simatzkin & Frosh: From User-Generated Content
Amateur Photography
Casual Vernacular
Companies' efforts to relate
Context Collapse
Context Collusion
Social Media used as marketing tool
"Brands have several advantages over “regular people” in the creation and distribution of content: they have substantial budgets, employ professional creatives and social media managers, and use strategy and research teams to analyze and locate trends." Pg. 1250
Eadon: You Could Hear a Hair Pin Drop
Deep connection/understanding of celebrities
Personal relationships online
Konijn, Vanegas, & van Minkelen: Theory of Affective Bonding
AI/Robots
Filling roles
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Depounti et al.: Ideal Technologies, Ideal Women
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Henrickson: Chatting with the dead
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Theory of Affective Bonding
"Depending on specific contexts and individual differences, one TAB-mechanism might be more important in contributing to bonding than others, or some might perhaps act like a mediator in between the robot’s appearance or communicative cues and bonding, or as a moderator influence the bonding process." Pg. 147
Devoted fandoms
Conspiracy culture
Advocation for authenticity
White activism
Queer fan culture
"Knowledge production within the Gaylor community is propelled forward by reflecting on individual identity, building community, and pushing back against heterosexist consensus through myriad knowledge production activities like informal boundary work and folk literary criticism." Pg. 12
Saukko, Malson, & Brown: The Ethoses of (Dis)Connecting with Friends
Problematic beauty standards
Eating disorders
Toxic media
Mental well-being impacted by social media
Disconnecting
Cocooning
Contemporary competetitive individualism
App affordances
"However, it could be asked if rejecting the individualist competitive ethos of entrepreneurial networking is antithetical to commonality. Furthermore, it has been observed that marginalized and stigmatized groups unfriend more commonly than others..." Pg. 9
Hogan: Softblocking: Disconnective Practices
Softblocking
Mute
Unfollow
Restrict
Ignore
Establishing digital boundaries
Online friend filtering
Tool for opinion communication & personal standards
Reciprocity
Online social expecations
"Finally, users can announce to their followers they will soft-block followers if they meet the aforementioned criteria, committing to a kind of indirectly reciprocal reinforcement of community values by mutual agreement to softblock those deemed to have broken norms. This delicate balance relies heavily on both politeness and social expectations among this group of users." Pg. 9
Baym: Personal Connections in the Digital Age, Ch. 6
Most interpersonal relationships lack full compatibility
Social media allows for specialization
Strong ties
Hyperpersonal communication
Polymedia use in online friendships
Weak ties
Online and offline relationships can become equal in depth
"Figuring out when and how to use media to communicate with each other is part of figuring out what it means to relate well to others." Pg. 171
Salzano & Yang: Going Off Scripts
Technoliberal managerialism
Ease of productivity
Relationships
Emotional labor
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Entertainment
Scripts
Polished interactions
Removing awkwardness
Over-structuring
“This results in what Peng (2021) terms “platformed collectivism,” a form of neoliberal subjectivity in which self-optimization and self-commodification are tightly interwoven with social duty, moral virtue, and ideological conformity.” Pg. 3
Rauchberg: #Shadowbanned
Using algorithm to support agenda
Silencing groups
Censorship
Hashtags create a direct link between videos of the same label
Targeting through discovery
Cyberbullying
Ramati: Algorithmic Ventriloquism: The Contested State of Voice
Algorithmic ventriloquism
Using human to embody nonhuman
Blurs line between human and technology
Actors represented by persona
Used widely on platorms and apart of services
"Ventriloquistic algorithms change what it means to be human because they extend human presence and capabilities beyond human territories." Pg. 8