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clarification of Legislated things - Coggle Diagram
clarification of Legislated things
Fardh – linguistically is to measure. And legally – that which has been established with definitive evidence, in which there is no doubt in it.
Ruling – it is necessary to act upon it and believing in and rejecting is kufr
Wajib – linguistically From which it necessitates and it is to drop
And legally – that which has been established with a daleel in which there is a doubt, those ayahs which are open to interpretation and that which is sound from lone narrations, like the witr salah and salah of two eids.
Its rulings - It is obligatory in terms of acting upon it such that it is not permissible to leave it and it is to a lesser degree in terms of believing and it is not binding to act upon it. Rejecting it due to an interpretation of it will not be kufr.
Sunnah linguistically – is a path. Legally – that which prophet SAW was persistent upon it and the khulafe rashidoon after him SAW.
Its ruling – so a person should seek to keep it alive (keep acting on it) and they will be worthy of blame upon leaving it except they leave it sometimes due to an excuse.
Nafl – linguistically is an increase. Legally – that which is in excess of the faraidh and waajibaath. It is called attawuu and mandub.
Its ruling – a person will be rewarded by doing it and will not be punished by leaving it.
Those things which are prohibited are of 3 types.
Haram – is opposite to halal. It is that which leaving its action is sought, with definitive evidence in which there is no doubt in it like zina, theft and the like.
Its ruling – it is necessary to believe in its prohibition and it is necessary to refrain from acting on it. Rejecting is haram, and abandoning it necessitates praise and reward. Perpetrating (carrying out the action) without any excuse necessitates punishment
Makruh tahrimi – it is that which leaving its action is sought, with evidence in which there is doubt, like the dislike of every predatory animal with fangs the birds with claws and the domesticated donkey
Its ruling – it is necessary to refrain acting upon it with a predominant thought of its prohibition. So rejecting without any correct interpretation is misguidance. And acting upon it without an excuse necessitates shame and punishment.
Makruh tanzihi – It is those things in which the asl is the prohibition.It is being dropped due to public predicament like the leftover water of cat. Or in those things in which asl was ibaha (permissible) but then it had a factor in it opposing (impermissible) so it came down to mildly disliked. There is no predominant thought of its prohibition like the leftover water of predatory birds. (meaning we don’t have any doubt that there is something haram in it)
Its ruling – the one who leave makruh tanzeeh will be rewarded and the person who does it will not be punished at all.
legislated are of two types
Al azeem – linguistically something which is intentional and emphasised.
Legally – that which is being made binding initially (from the start) and its type are of what we have mentioned from fardh, wajib etc
Rukhsah - linguistically – ease and convenience. And legally It is changing a matter from something that is difficult to something easy and it is of two types.
Rukhsah translates dispensation of an action despite the prohibition remaining. An example of being compelled upon raising kalimatul kufr on your tongue due to that which he fears of not doing it upon himself or the limbs of his body. With the condition that his heart is content in imaan. And if he is patient until he is killed then he will be rewarded for it due to him honoring the prohibition.
That which is permissible with only sabab being present being forced or compelled upon eating carrion or drinking alcohol and like wise who is trialled with sever hunger.
Its ruling -If he refuses to consume it until he is killed or he passes way he will be sinful due to him staying away from which is permissible