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Regeneration: EQ4 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Newquay Aerohub + Spaceport -
        
        Job opportunities created require a specialised workforce, that most likely will not suit the skills set of the local population. Moreover environmental concerns for the CO2, light, air and noise pollution mean that conflict has arisen by pressure groups (e.g. Groundswell Cornwall).
        
        the Aerohub was designated as an enterprise zone, which helped attract investment and the development of a business park in the longer-term, with a wider scope of opportunities.
      - Combined Universities Cornwall - The universities of Exeter and Falmouth create the Universities in Cornwall, and aim to reduce brain drain through attracting graduates and graduate-level employment opportunities, via attracting businesses. Student numbers double between 2004 and 2010, showing progress to reverse the long-term issue of "brain-drain".
        
        Concerns arise on whether Cornwall will be able to offer high-skilled graduate employment opportunities to prevent the brain-drain occurring once students have graduated, or if they will have to move elsewhere for employment
      - The Eden Project - built on a brownfield site of a quarry, the Eden Project is a 'global garden' of different biomes, as well as an educational charity concerned will sustainability and community for the future of the planet. On opening it had 1.9 million visitors in the first year, and within 6 months was the UK’s third most visited.
        attraction. It is estimated each visitor spends £150 in the local area.
        
        There are concerns about increased traffic congestion and strain on local infrastructure during peak tourist seasons. Many objections have been made for the proposal of wind turbines to be installed (an example of NIMBYism) and expansion plans have been met with resistance over fears of over-commercialisation.
        Moreover, in 2025 the project had to cut 80 jobs, raising concerns for job stability and long-term employment.
        
        400 staff are employed full time, 75% of which were unemployed beforehand, and 80% of local businesses believe the project has positively contributed to their business.
      - Super-fast Broadband - by giving Cornwall access to super-fast broadband, the hope was that the area would feel less isolated and disconnected. This encouraged areas of the knowledge economy to locate in Cornwall, and allowed residents to work from home, broadening the range of employment options. This is estimated to have created 2,000 jobs, and an estimated £200 million contributed to the economy annually.
        
        Conflicts emerged related to damage to the natural environment to lay the cables, reducing green-space and threatening biodiversity. As well as this, some areas have yet to be given super fast connections - these are primarily the most rural areas, creating regional disparity and a so-called "digital divide". The project was also costly (£132 million) and some locals feel could have been spent more effectively elsewhere.
    - - post production countryside - a rural area where the economy is no longer based primarily on farming, fishing, mining, or forestry
      - In Cornwall, deprivation is widespread (as opposed to isolate 'pockets'), with even more popular tourist destinations in Cornwall suffer from multiple deprivation (Penzance, Newquay)
      - Rural areas more generally require regeneration
        
        Opportunity Deprivation (lack of employment and available services, such as health and recreation)
        
        Mobility Deprivation (transport costs, poor infrastructure from a lack of demand as areas are less densely populated, so there is not the financial justification for investment)
        
        Resource Deprivation (low income + poor quality housing)
    - - The UK Government - UK shared prosperity fund now funds regeneration post-Brexit. Devolved powers have been given to give the council greater control over decision making in hope for more efficient regeneration.
      - The EU - between 2000-2020 Cornwall received over £1 billion from the EU as one of the most deprived areas in the union. Although the UK government promised to match-fund this post-Brexit, this has not happened.
      - Individuals - e.g. Rick Stein with the opening of his restaurant in Padstow "Padstein"
      - National Lottery Funding - has implemented slogans such as "young people first" and "pathways to work". The National Lottery funded the Eden Project
- - - - Conflict between Stakeholders