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Plasma Membranes - Coggle Diagram
Plasma Membranes
Made from Phospholipid bilayer
Phospholipid
Hydrophillic phosphate head
Hydrophobic fatty acid tails
Glyceride
Cholesterol
Found between the fatty acids in the phospholipid bilyarer to make it not too rigid/too flexible.
Proteins
Intrinsic proteins
Carrier proteins
Facilitated diffusion or active transport
Channel protein
Facilitated diffusion
Extrinsic proteins
Provide structure.
Glycolipid/glycocalyx
Cell to cell recognition/communication.
Transport across membranes
Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Larger or polar molecules that require channel/carrier proteins to pass through the plasma membrane.
Simple diffusion
Molecules pass between the fatty acid tails of the phospholipids.
Small, lipid soluble, non polar molecules e.g. O2 and CO2.
The movement of molecules within a gas or a liquid from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration.
Energy is NOT required
Molecules have kinetic energy.
Molecules will reach equilibrium.
Molecules move DOWN the concentration gradient.
Active transport
The movement of molecules within a gas or a liquid from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration.
Energy is required.
ATP
Molecules move AGAINST the concentration gradient across a plasma membrane.
Requires a carrier protein
e.g. glucose, amino acids
Co transport
2 molecules going through the same carrier protein.
Often sodium and glucose.
Osmosis
Movement of water from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration (flows down the concentration gradient).
Cyanide prevents aerobic respiration
Impacts ATP availability for active transport.
Cell membranes:
Control movement of molecules in and out of cell
Communication between cells (cell recognition)
Allow different cellular compartments to have different conditions
e.g. lysosomes
Keep enzymes in
Maintain pH
Around Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells
Around the organelles in Eukaryotic cells.