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Forests - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Small Plants Benefit
      - Gives cover to land animals from avions
      - Light Sensor
    - - This uses latent heat the energy required to turn water from liquid into gas
        
        It takes in heat energy and cools the local envirement ( Similar to a fridge )
      - Humidity Sensor
      - Digital Thermometer
  - - - Eg , The Hunger in Ireland
  - - - reduces mass movement
      - reduces erosion
- - - - Forest Fires
        
        Existing Solutions
        
        MACRO / GLOBAL
        
        Modis => Nasa
        
        Vegetation Health
        
        Landscape tempature
        
        Smoke and aerosoles
        
        COST:
        
        1 more item...
        
        Sentinal 2 Satelites
        
        Water Quality
        
        Vegetation Cover
        
        COST: High, £150,000,000
        
        Soil and Land surface characteristics
        
        MICRO/ LOCAL
        
        Cambel Scientific HOBO Data Logger
        
        COST:
        
        1 more item...
        
        Measures Humidity
        
        Measures windspeeds
        
        Measures Tempature
        
        Kestral 5500 Weather Meter
        
        COST:
        
        1 more item...
        
        Measures Wind speed
        
        Measures Humidity
        
        Measures Tempature
        
        Handheld / Small / Portable
        
        How Does it spread?
        
        Wind
        
        Carries embers
        
        Pushes flames forward
        
        Gives fires oxegen
        
        Anemometer
        
        Fuel Type
        
        Medium : Ash
        
        Steady Burn
        
        Moderate Heat
        
        Slow : Oak
        
        Long Burns
        
        V. High heat
        
        Fast : Spruce
        
        Easy to ignite
        
        Burns very easily
        
        Acoustics that tests wood density and quality
        
        Soil Moisture Content
        
        Low soil moisture = Easy to ignite
        
        High soil moisture content = Harder to ingite
        
        Soil moisture reader
        
        Vegetation Canopy
        
        Light Sensor
        
        Topography
        
        Fire spreads easier uphill
        
        Aspect , south facing gives more sunlight/heat
        
        Gyroscope + Accelerometer
        
        Ember Cast
        
        It bypasses natural defenses like roads / rivers / breaks in greenery
        
        Carries embers ahead of the fire
        
        Anemometer
        
        Causes of it ?
        
        Lightning
        
        Spontanious Combustion
        
        Very dry organic matter
        
        Low moisture content
        
        Poor ventilation
        
        Soil Moisture Reader
        
        Humidity reader
        
        Drought
        
        Prolonged lack of rainfall
        
        Rain Gauge
        
        Overuse / Animal Overpopulation
        
        High Tempature / Climate Change
        
        Soil Moisture Content Reader
        
        Tempature sensors
        
        Humidity Sensors
        
        Volcanic Activity
        
        Lava Flow
        
        Pyroclastic Flow
        
        Volcanic Gasses
        
        Mt. St. Helens USA 1980
        
        Human Activity
        
        Arson
        
        Fireworks
        
        Campfires
        
        Cameras
        
        Motion Detectors
        
        Alarms
        
        Extreme Heat
        
        Carbon Emissions
        
        Deforestation
        
        Less Shade
        
        Cooling through transpiration
        
        Sunlight
        
        Light Sensor
        
        Tempature Reader
        
        Project Ideas
        
        My project
        
        Features
        
        Measures:
        
        Soil Moisture
        
        Humidity
        
        Tempature
        
        Batteries (Lithium AA)
        
        AAA
        
        1 more item...
        
        AA
        
        1 more item...
        
        Inputs & Outputs
        
        Inputs:
        
        2 more items...
        
        Outputs
        
        3 more items...
        
        Analysis
        
        COST:
        
        Little to no maintanace
        
        Accurasy Depends of Density
        
        Low instalation cost per unit
        
        Low cost per unit
        
        Contrasting
        
        Cons
        
        3 more items...
        
        Pros
        
        4 more items...
        
        Stakeholders
        
        Coilte Employees => The effort of instalation and maintanace
        
        Locals => NIMBY
        
        Wildlife => Does it inpede on them?
        
        Government => Cost of grants
        
        Coilte => in comparison to other technologies is it cost effective
        
        Defending against human activity
        
        Issue
        
        Humans Causing Forest Wildfires
        
        Damage to Forest
        
        Deforestation
        
        Pollution
        
        Embedded System
        
        COST
        
        Doesnt meet the task
        
        Pest Control
        
        Measures
        
        Density
        
        Sound
        
        PIR
        
        Light
        
        Pros
        
        Low Cost
        
        Low Instalation Cost per unit
        
        Low Maintance per unit
        
        Low Manufactoring Cost
        
        Localised
        
        Cons
        
        Unreliable Signal in a forest
        
        Animals may interfere
        
        Maintance may be difficult over large areas
        
        Weather Resistance
        
        Prevention
        
        Fire breaks, gaps in Vegetation
        
        Educate the public
        
        Safe campsites
        
        Proper equipment use
        
        Throwing away of Ciggerates
        
        Early Warning Systems
        
        That Measures:
        
        Tempature
        
        Humidity
        
        Soil Moisture Content
        
        Damage of a wildfire
        
        Cost to Animals
        
        Habitats destroyed
        
        Water polluted
        
        Loss of life
        
        Food shortage
        
        Cost to biodiversity
        
        Species lost
        
        Food Chain broken
        
        Habitats destroyed
        
        Soil degradation
        
        Cost to Communities
        
        Housing
        
        Facilities
        
        Human Lives
        
        Stress
        
        Health due to air quality
        
        Long term recovery costs
        
        Cost to the economy?
        
        Business disruption
        
        Tourism decline
        
        Foresty / Lumber industries lost
        
        Agriculture losses
  - - - weakened defences against drought wind & fire
      - Biodiversity loss
        
        Animals
        
        Due to loss of habitat
        
        Tree species
        
        Ash trees
        
        ash dieback fungus
        
        Birch trees
        
        Bronze birch beetke
  - - - Tempature reader
      - Soil degration
      - Droughts
    - - Soil Moisture reader
    - - Tornadoes
      - Hurricanes
      - Heavy Snowfall
- - - - Lumber
      - Fruits / Nuts
      - Medicine
  - - - Reduces risk of flooding
      - Clean Drinking Water
  - - - Recreation
        
        Ziplining
        
        Camping
      - Cultural