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Human Respiratory and Circulatory Systems - Coggle Diagram
Human Respiratory and Circulatory Systems
Structure of the Human Respiratory System
B) Trachea
Connects larynx to bronchi
Supported by
cartilage rings
to keep airway open
C) Alveoli
Tiny air sacs surrounded by capillaries
Site of
oxygen into blood / CO2 out of blood
Very thin walls to allow diffusion
A) Lungs
Main organs of gas exchange
Contain
bronchi, bronchioles & alveoli
Surrounded by
pleura
Structures of the Circulatory System
D) Valves
Tricuspid, mitral, pulmonary, aortic valves
Prevent back flow of blood
E) Coronary Arteries
Supply oxygen to the heart muscle itself
C) Atria
Right atrium
= receives deoxygenated blood from vena cava
Left atrium
= receives oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins
F) Pulmonary Artery & Pulmonary Vein
Pulmonary artery
= deoxygenated blood to lungs
Pulmonary vein
= oxygenated blood back to heart
B) Ventricles
Right ventricle
= pumps blood to lungs via pulmonary artery
Left ventricle
= pumps oxygenated blood to body via aorta
G) Aorta
Main artery carrying oxygenated blood to the whole body
A) Heart
4-chambered pump that circulates blood
H) Vena Cava
Superior vena cava
= from upper body
Inferior vena cava
= from lower body
I) Blood Vessels
Arteries
= thick walls, carry oxygenated blood
away
from the heart
Veins
= thinner walls, valves, carry deoxygenated blood
towards
heart
3.
Capillaries
= microscopic, exchange oxygen/nutrients & CO2/waste
Function of the Human Respiratory System
Supports essential
cellular functions
by keeping oxygen levels stable
Works via
inhalation
(diaphragm contracts) and
exhalation
(diaphragm relaxes)
Gas exchange system:
Provides oxygen
to the bloodstream
Removes carbon dioxide
from the body
Changes Indicating Medical Emergencies
A) Changes in Breathing Rate
Normal adult breathing rate:
12-17 breaths per min
Indicators of emergency: very fast or slow breathing, irregular/shallow breathing
Causes include: asthma, poor ventilation, fever, anxiety, medications, allergies
B) Changes in Heart Rate
Signs of potential emergencies:
Tachycardia
(fast heart rate)
Bradycardia
(slow heart rate)
Arrhythmia
(irregular rhythm)
Caused by:
Cardiac arrest, heart attack (MI), heart conditions, lung conditions (COPD, PE, pneumonia), stress, shock, medication effects
Function of the Circulatory System
B) Carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones to cells
Oxygenated blood travels via arteries to issues
C) Removes waste products
CO2 carried back to lungs for exhalation
Other wastes carried to kidneys/liver
A) Carries blood away from and towards the heart
Arteries = away
Veins = towards
ALSO SUPPORTS:
Clotting, immune response, temperature control