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The Body's Reaction To Infection - Coggle Diagram
The Body's Reaction To Infection
Factors That Impact the Host's Susceptibility to Infection
B) Immunocompromised
HIV, cancer, chemo, organ transplant recipients, autoimmune diseases
Weakened immune system can't fight pathogens effectively
C) Age
Young children
= immature immune system
Older adults
= weakened immune system, slower healing
A) Pregnancy
Immune system naturally altered = more vulnerable to infection
Hormonal changes affect immune response
D) Medical Treatment / Illnesses
Diabetes (poor circulation, impaired white cells)
Chronic diseases (respiratory disease, heart failure)
Stress, poor nutrition, smoking, alcohol misuse
Medication such as steroids or immunosuppressants
The Body's Reaction to Inflammation / Infection
C) Inflammation / Infection
Inflammation
= body's
response
to injury/infection
Infection
= invasion of body tissues by pathogens
Inflammation can occur without infection
(injury, autoimmune disease, allergies)
D) Local Infection
Affects
one area
only (e.g., abscess)
Symptoms found in one specific location
B) Immune Response
Complex process involving immune cells, antibodies & inflammation to destroy pathogens
E) Systemic Infection
Affects the
whole body
Symtoms:
fever, malaise, fatigue, aches
A) Immune System
Body's defence system against irritants & infectious, physical or chemical damage
F) Acute Infection
Sudden onset, short duration, severe symptoms
Example:
Flu
Chronic Infection
Long-term, persistent or recurring
Example:
arthritis, chronic gum disease
Signs & Symptoms of Infection
(5 classic signs that appear when the immune system responds to a pathogen/injury)
3) Pain (Dolor)
Caused by swelling putting pressure on nerves
4) Heat (Calor)
Increased blood flow raises temperature at the site
2) Erythema (Rubor)
Redness caused by increased circulation to the area
5) Loss of Function (Functio Laesa)
Area cannot function normally due to pain or swelling (e.g., difficulty chewing with tooth abscess)
1) Swelling (Tumor)
Fluid accumulation & increased blood flow