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BRAIN IMAGES ARE OVERLY PERSUASIVE AND SEDUCTIVE - Coggle Diagram
BRAIN IMAGES ARE OVERLY PERSUASIVE AND SEDUCTIVE
THE SEDUCTIVE ALLURE OF "SEDUCTIVE ALLURE"
The criticisms about
seductive allure of neuroscience
are based on two main papers
McCabe and Castle (2008)
The illustrations of
brain images
have
more specific details
than illustrations of bar chart and topographic map
In the experiment are considered informationally equivalent
For this reason, we
cannot infer
that brain images are more persuasive
Weisberg, Keil, Goodstein, Rawson, and Gray (2008)
The experiment doesn't include brain images and their
results
are
not necessarily limited
to
neuroscience
In the experiment are considered
But
other studies
or added little additional evidences in support or failed to replicate them
Why is this hypothesis so persistent?
Neuroscience research attracts public and
cuts
off
the
founds
from
behavioral studies
(false)
Idea plausible
cause visual appeal and high-tech origins of images
Pubblication Bias
: we don't know about negative results
LOOK AGAIN: EFFECTS OF BRAIN IMAGES AND MIND BRAIN DUALISM ON LAY EVALUATIONS OF RESEARCH
The idea of "
seductive allure of neuroscience
" is supported by the
McCabe and Castel (2008)
paper but other studies don't confirm this. The
following study
wants to
criticize
this idea
EXPERIMENT ONE
General informations about the experiment
Partecipants
recruited by MTurk (not generalizable to all population)
What
do we
value
?
Ratings for reasoning
In the qualities interest, surprise, innovation, worthiness of funding)
Dualism scale
Correlated with belief in supreme being but not educational attainment
People classified in dualists / intermediate / physicalists
In the
procedure
three condition: fMRI scans, stock photographs, bar charts
Rating
Significant difference among three image conditions
YES for fMRI images versus others
Only for ratings in interestingness
NOT for photo condition versus chart condition
Significant effect of dualism
Significant effect for only funding-worthiness element (physicalists higher more)
Not significant effect of interaction
Judgments of reasoning
Not significant effect among three image conditions
Not significant effect of dualism
Not significant effect of interaction
EXPERIMENT TWO
Some changes respect first experiment
Less partecipants and bar chart condition dropped
Description related to
more emotional and personal
aspects of the mind
Dualism questionnaire presented randomly
Rating
Not significant effect of Image Type
Significant effect of Dualism Group
In relation to agreement with conclusion (dualists lower levels)
Not significant effect of interaction
Judgments of reasoning
Not significant effect
EXPERIMENT THREE
Some changes respect other experiments
Re-adding of bar chart
Rating
Not significant effect of Image Type
Significant effect of Dualism Group
For funding worthiness and agreement with conclusions
Statistically significant small effect of the order in which the dualism scale was presented
More agreement with dualist statements before reading neuroscience >> after reading
Not significant effect of interaction
Judgments of reasoning
Not significant effect of Image Type
GENERAL DISCUSSION
Disagreement
with McCabe and Castle's (2008)
Brain images are not onverly influential
Not explainable by the fact that people are more savvy (Weisberg et al. results continue to be replicabled)
Dualism is not responsible for this allure
Not significant differences in surprising of brain images descriptions, so
not covert influence
Not disagreement
with Weisberg et a. (2008)