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EQ1: How and why do places vary? - Coggle Diagram
EQ1: How and why do places vary?
4A.1 - Economies can be classified in different ways.
economic activities can be classified by sector
Uk economic development
STEEL over time
(understanding how places can be dynamic)
1800s-1970s: Many northern towns relied on heavy industry (focus of the community) -the production of steel was nationalised by labour in 1967.
post winter of discontent there were almost 150,000 people employed in the industry which was then privatised in 1988. Towns were left deprived without transferable skills.
1999 - company is bought by a dutch TNC which only at the time employed 33,000. Which was then bought by Tata of India.
It has now become cheaper to import steel from China - in 2015 the Redcar steelworks were closed leading to 2,200 direct job losses.
we still have a strong north/south divide.
common categorisation terms
'old' economy
- industries that were dominant in the mid 20th century
'new' / knowledge economy
- tertiary and quaternary industries
'black' / informal economy
- the part of a country's economic activity that is unrecorded and untaxed by its government; the black market.
economic sectors
Primary → Secondary → Tertiary → Quaternary → Quinary
In the UK in 1970 38% of people worked in the secondary sector now, just 15% do.
Clark Fisher model
- line chart showing how the employment structure of an area can change over time.
this is split into
3 stages:
pre-industrial (dominated by the primary sector), industrial (growth of the secondary sector), and post-industrial (dominance of the tertiary sector)
variations in economic activity reflected in variations in social factors.
Redcar
Faversham
unemployment
Inequalities in pay sectors are reflected in quality of life
4A.2 - Places change their functions and characteristics over time
Changing function
commercial / industrial
Faversham past - Market sells local farm produce. Three key industries in the area: shipping, Brewing and Gunpowder.
residential
Physical factors explain changes in place
change can be measured using employment trends, demographic differences and differences in land use
4A.3 - Past and present connections have shaped economic and social characteristics
Global, international, national and regional influences
contrasting images presented
how the lives of students and others have been influenced
