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Clinical disease of repro tract in dog and cat - Coggle Diagram
Clinical disease of repro tract in dog and cat
Common female problems
neuteruing
stopping a season
suspected pregnancy
misalliance
false pregnancy
lactation
dystocia
mating time
fertility problems
vulval discharge
vulval mass
vulval swelling
abdominal distention
systemic illness
Common male problems
neutering
behavioural modification
testicles missing
testicles of different sizes
difficulty defecating
systemic illness
preputial discahrge
penis sticking out
penis pass
penile/testicular injury
during history of female, ask about last season
ask owner if animal is planned to be used for breeding
Clinical exam
male
general PE
scrotum + testes
prepuce + penis
mammary glands
rectal exam
female
general PE
vulva
mammary glands
vaginal exam
rectal exam
response to behavioural stimuli--> pressure on rump
Abdominal exam
abdominal mass
uterine enlargement
fluid thrill
visceral displacement
pain
Mammary glands
enlargement/masses
lactation/dischagre
pain
Scrotum
check skin
two testicles?
size, shape, consistency, mobility, pain
Vulva + prepuce
size, shape, position
skin abnormalities
discharge-->colour, small, inflamm
mucous membranes + mucocutaneous junction
extrude penis + examine shaft + external urethral orifice
Rectal + vaginal exam
anal sacs
urethra
prostate
vagina
enlarged dorsal lymph nodes
pelvic diameter
Further diagnostic tests
blood work--> CBC/biochem, hormonal assays (aid pregnancy diagnosis)
diagnostic imaging
Ultrasounds--> distinguish fluid from soft tissues, assess viability of pregnancy, detect free abdominal fluid, determine origin of organ enlargement
Radiography--> image bony changes, contrast techniques can demonstrate extent + location of luminal abnormalities, thoracic radiography can aid detection of pulmonary metastases
endoscopy
examine lumen of vagina--> vaginal mucosa can show you stage of oestrous cycle + aid in breeding management
short scopes used to examine vestibule/caudal vagina and place urethra catheters in females
exam of entire vagina requires longer rigid or flexible scope
detect strictures, neoplasia, foreign bodies
urinalysis + urine C+S,
pathology
vaginal cytology--> assess stage of repro cycle
aspirates + biopsies--> can see if prostatic enlargement is due to age or infection/tumour
Other investigations
vaginal/preputial bacteriology rarely useful
collect ejaculate
prostatic was
exploratory laparotomy/laproscopy