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Parliament - Coggle Diagram
Parliament
Nature of Parliament
Occasional, not permanent: Only summoned by monarch
11/13 parliaments called mainly for taxation, 12/13 pt grant money
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Structure
Commons: gentry & local landowners, often patron-backed
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Religious tension
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Revisionist view: Puritan choir exaggerated, many Puritans were Burghely men of business (e.g Norton, Fleetwood)
Real opposition small, episodic, orchestrated by councillors
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Royal control
Speaker: Royally approved, prioritised council business
Blocked sensitive debates (marriage, succession, religion)
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Graves’ interpretation: not breakdown- normal political process. Crown-council-commons interplay- functional co-operation mechanism. Privy council used for patronage,
Overview
Conc
Parliament developed under Elizabeth, but: Not a proto-revolutionary insittuion, no sustained constitutional conflict, growth=experience
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Revisionists (Elton, Graves) more convincing: Crown strong, Council mediates, MPs mostly co-operatives local elites
Haigh: Elizabeth “nannied” Parliament; irritation, not crisis
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Intro
Neale (traditional): Dramatic change, growing parliamentary confidence, puritan choir-> pro conflict
Revisionists (Elton, Graves, Haigh): Co-operation not conflict
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“Men of business” act for councillors, not independent rebels
Post-revisionism: Tension episodic, not constitutional
Monopolies + Finance
1593 subsidy
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Compromise: triple subsidy granted, spread over 4 yrs
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Monopoly crisis
Golden speech
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“Though God hath raised me high, I claim no divine right.”
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No legal challenge → widespread abuses → rising prices (e.g., steel doubled)
1597 Parliament: MP's attack monopolies for inflation & poverty, Elizabeth promises investigation + legal redress
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MPs motivated mainly by economic interests, not constitutional change