Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Leadership and management - Coggle Diagram
Leadership and management
Management
Managemet
The process of achieving organizational objectives by using the limited resources that an organization has.
Categories of managers
middle managers
Establish departamental goals and strategies and are responsible for the staff within their divisions
Supervisory managers
Lowest ranking managers
monitor regular tasks of the organisation
Senior managers
Oversee the long-term plans and strategies on an organisation
held responsable for the results of the business
Highest level of managers
Roles of management
Commanding
Coordinating
Organizing
Controling
planning
Leadership
influencing other people to achieve a vision or goal.
official leader
established by the organisation to have the authrity to give orders
informal leader
Has the natural flair and charisma in influencing people
Styles of management
Paternalistic
managers act like parents
take decision that they belief are in the best interest of the subordinate
Disadvantages
communication is mainly top down
not allways the best decision is taken which can lead ot conflict
Decision making s centralised, workers can feel their views are ignored
Advantages
improves loyalty
creates a sence of belonging
ensures harmonious relationship at work
higher motivation
moivates staff as they feel guided
centralised structure
Democratic
Prefer to discuss and involve employees in decision making
decentralised structure
Improves staff moreale as they feel involved
Time consuming and not allways apropiate
Advantages
the most is made out of the skills of the workers
high morale
workers feel motivated and empowered
innovation can come from involving employees
workers feel valued
high staff loyalty
Disadvantages
ineffective when critical decisions need to be taken
It can be time consuming
CAn lead to disagreement
can negatively imapact daily operations
Autocratic
This is a strict and rigid management style that involves only managers making all the decisions in an organization.
centralised work
Advantages
speeds up business decision making
clear sence of direction for workers
control over operations
appropiate for when decision making needs ot be fast
Disadvantages
can demotivate employees as they feel they are not important
slower communication
no development of internal talents
higher turn over rate
no creativity and innovation in the company
suitable for situations where employees are unskilled
Lasseiz faire
Managers have minimal involvement with the workforce
Boosts staff motivation as they feel important
Workers become complacent and less proactive
Advantages
encourages creativity
helps to develop employee
employees feel motivated as they have freedom
greater productivity (potentially)
low labour turnover rate
Disadvantages
monitoring is made harder
Low productivity due to low levels of supervising
does not suit all workers
Situational
Managers have a different style depending on the situation
Flexibility to match circumstances
Can cause employee confusion
Advantages
practical
flexibility
disadvantages
Can be difficult to change between different styles
hard for employees to keep up
Factors affecting
organizational culture
the managers themselves
the subordinates
time constraints
tasks being performed
differences between managers and leaders
Leaders inspire people to do an activity whereas managers manage people to achieve goals
Managers are concerned with administration tasks, where as leaders focus on developing people
managers are part of and comply with the organization culture, whereas leaders shape and change the culture
managers take decision focusing on organization norms and policies whereas leaders focus on innovation and risk taking
managers are task orientated, leaders focus on organizational strategy
Sientific and intuitive management
ScIentific management
relies on making decisions thoroughly by gathering the necessary information and data and then analysing this before deciding what to do
Steps to take
Where do we want to be
Deciding what is important for the organization in relations to its business objectives and mission or vision
How do we get here
Using available data and information to compare alternative options in order to choose and implement a plan of action to achieve these goals,
where are we now?
Identifying the issue (or opportunity) or problem
based on available qualitative and quantitative data and information
data gathered from
interviews
focus groups
surveys
observation
intuitive management
relies on considered instinctive feelings and emotions to make decisions.