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Living According to Divine Revelations
What is Revealed
Tawheed
- The belief in Allah's singularity, that nothing or no one may hold the same power or status as Allah
Shirk
- Grave sin, associating Allah's power and/or status with someone/something else
Prophets and Revelation
Mohammad
- The final prophet who revealed the word of Islam to humanity
Gabriel
- The angel who revealed the word of Islam to Mohammad
Quran
- The central holy text of Islam
Hadith
- Recorded Islamic traditions from Mohammad's guidance
Al-Kitab
- Divine books revealed by Allah, which includes the Quran as well as some earlier scripture
People of the Book
- Jews and Christians, who hold differing beliefs but share elements of God's revelation
Practices
Five Pillars
Shahadah
- Confession of one's faith
Salat
- Daily prayers five times a day
Zakat
- Almsgiving, charity
Sawm
- Fasting during Ramadan
Hajj
- Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a person's lifetime
Jihad
- The struggle against evil
Greater
- Internal evil, requires a personal or spiritual effort towards individual improvement
Lesser
- External evil, requires a physical or societal effort to uphold justice
Social Application
Sharia
- Islamic law guiding moral and social behavior
Theocracy
- Government that operates on religious law, a combining of religion and politics
Abu Bakr
- Early leader, a close friend of Mohammad, and one of the first converts to Islam that encouraged its spread
History
Mecca
- Birthplace of Mohammad and the Islam religion, Muslims face in the direction of Mecca while in prayer
Medina
- Site of the first established, Muslim community, as well as Mohammad's tomb
Interpretations/Paths
Sunni
- Emphasizes community consensus when it comes to leadership
Sh'ia
- Believes that only Mohammad and his descendants should hold leadership
Sufism
- Islamic mysticism that focuses on one's personal closeness to Allah and internal purification through spiritual practice
