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Megan's adaptation - Coggle Diagram
Megan's adaptation
introduction
on how a species changes
body
behavior
why?
to better suit its natural environment
why?
survival
reproduction
ensure continuity of species
animals
food
water
protection from extreme temperatures
protection from predators
air
movements
plants
sunlight
water
minerals
protection from extreme temperatures
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structural
born with
organism's body that helps it to..
survive
reproduce
e.g African bush develoр thorns to protect it from its prey.
penguins
thick layer of fat below skin
protection from cold temperatures
behavioural
a choice/change
response shown by an organism that helps it..
survive
reproduce
e.g flowers of desert plant bloom at night as there are more pollinators active
penguins
huddling together
for warmth
hot and dry environments
morning (high temperatures)
night (low temperatures)
limited water bodies
rain is scarce
Snake, rodent, foxes
(behavioural) sleep in morning, hunt at night
rodents
(behavioural) block entrance of burrows
keep hot and dry winds out
Jackrabbit, fennec fox
large ears ( structural )
large blood vessels
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To obtain enough water
kangaroo rat
eat seeds ( behavioural )
camel
drink up to 100 liters of water in one drinking session (Behavioral)
Can live without water for many weeks
desert tortoise
Digs pits to catch rainwater (Behavioral)
cactus
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Reduce water loss
round tailed ground squirrel
slows down life processes (behavioural)
rodents
organ in their nose absorb moisture from exhaled air (structural)
cactus
wax coating on stem
small leaf size (structural)
cold environments
need to develop adaptations to...
survive
keep warm
e.g, penguins
colours of penguin makes it hard for predators to see them
short wings to swim smoother underwater
layer under skin to keep warm
To avoid or defend against predator
snowshoe hare
Has fur to blend in a snowy background
krill
Swarming behaviour similar to schools of small fish
for movement
snowshoe hare
feet like snowshoes to travel on top of the snow
https://youtu.be/429rMAy1quY
weddell seal
has a shapе to pass easily through the water
to keep warm
weddell seal
fat under skin like insulation
arctic fox
Short legs, necks, and ears to reduce surface area
polar bear
layers of fur that traps air and small ears and tail
To obtain enough food
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Grasses, certain mosses and lichens
Short, hairy parts and darker colour to absorb heat
Adaptation to Obtain Air in Water
blowhole
whale
dolphin
Located on their heads
Help breathing when they are swimming near water surface.
special nostrils
seal
walrus
crocodile / alligator
Nostrils at tip of snouts or head
will close when underwater
Breathing occurs when nostrils are out of the water
will open
gill chambers
mudskipper
hermit crab
store water and keep gills wet
obtain oxygen from the water (in gill chambers)
gills
fish
tadpole
gills allow gaseous exchange to take place
breathing tube
Larva / pupa of mosquito
Water Scorpion
tubes stick out of water surface
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using air bubbles
water spider
water beetle
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Thin Layer of Wet Skin
frog
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Adaption for movement
why do they need to move?
food
escape from danger
Examples
e.g (zebra)
black and white strips blurs its image
e.g (Salamander, Poisonous Dart Frog, Blue-Ringed Octopus )
chemicals on body can stun, paralyze or kill
e.g (Leaf-Tailed Gecko, Ghost Mantis, Tulip-Tree Moth )
mimic their surroundings to be "invisible"
e.g (Puffer Fish, Toad, Cobra )
make themselves bigger to warn predators.
e.g (Tortoise, Crab, Porcupine, Cactus )
sharp spines or hard coverings to protect themselves
https://youtu.be/fSKlgg21dW4
reproduce
on land
For agility
Ibex, Kangaroo, Horse
long and extremely strong legs for moving across rocky surfaces.
muscular legs that help it to walk and run
to overcome friction
sidewinder
https://youtu.be/B3NbPUTD5qA
keep most of body off ground while moving to reduce friction
in water
Streamlined body shape
swim bladder (fish)
filled with air to help stay afloat underwater
modified limbs (Seal, Turtle, Ducks )
flippers help move underwater
fins help to remain balanced and facilitate in movements
webbed feet
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Streamlined body shape
helps to fly smoothly through the air
flight muscles
help birds to flap their wings
hollow bone
reduce body weight of birds
wings
have well developed wings
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Bats
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by wind
Adaptation in Dark Environment
nocturnal animals
active at night to look for food.
good eyesight
e.g (owls)
https://youtu.be/bt3X8MJgJWo
use sound to detect objects in the dark
Adaptation to Obtain enough Sunlight
floating plants
water hyacinth
spongy leaf stalk to float on water.
Partially / Half Submerged Plants
water lily
Large and flat leaves to increase the surface area.
The upper surface of the leaves is waxy to repel water.
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