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POST - WW2 - Coggle Diagram
POST - WW2
The Second World War was Destructive
The material toll was heavy and uneven
The US remained intact, reinforcing its economic (2/3 of World's gold reserves) and political domination after 1945
France showed thousands of bridges destroyed, ports unusable, and most locomotives and vehicles out of service.
Deaths were counted by the tens of millions
Poland and the USSR lost 16% of their population
Millions of widows and orphans were created, fueling strong demands for peace
60 millions deaths, 2/3 civilians
Societies were traumatised
Fear over nuclear war drove new insitutions like the UN
The destruction of Dresde in 1945 by incendiary bombing left deep psychological scars
The End of WW2 Established a New World Order
The United Nations Charter was signed in 1945 at the San Fransisco Conference
Peace, human rights, economic development (UNESCO, UNICEF)
The General Assembly provided equal representation for all member states
The US, USSR, China, UK, and France formed the Security Council
Countries were motivate to rebuild the global economy
1944 Bretton Woods Agreements: IMF, IBRD
The 1947 Marshal Plan provided $13 billion to Europe, resulting in a 5% annual growth rate
There were initiatives to protect populations
The 1942 Beveridge Report used as a model
1946 People's Pension Act in Sweden
1945 Social Security Ordinance in France
Despite this, Tensions Started to Rise
The US and USSR started to disagree
1945 Potsdam Conference
1946 "Iron Curtain" speech by Churchill
From Grand Alliance to Cold War
Truman Doctrine, NATO (1949)
Zhdanov doctrine, Cominform, Comecon (1949)
The Cold War created new areas of conflict
1949 FRG vs GDR
Zionism vs Pan-Arabism, Arab-Isreali war (1948,1949)