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Lecture 7 – General Arrangement - Coggle Diagram
Lecture 7 – General Arrangement
General objectives / criteria
To efficiently meet the ship’s mission and functional
requirements (e.g. efficient internal connections)
Structural continuity and a clean layout
✓ For structural strength
✓ To minimize vibration and noise
✓ For a cost-efficient manufacturing process
Safety requirements (SOLAS)
Fire protection, flooding mitigation, evacuation,
intact/damage stability, seakeeping
Aesthetics
Especially important for passenger ships
Key items for consideration
Ship main dimensions, hull shape, frame spacing
Capacity requirements concerning
Cargo type and amount
Cargo handling capability requirements
Passenger capacity (no. of passengers, standard of cabins and other areas in [m2/person] )
Crew capacity (no. of crew and their comfort standard [m2/person, regulated], windows required for crew cabins)
Machinery (type, size, no. of engines, type of power transmission)
Tanks (other than cargo) for fuel, system liquids, ballast water,…
Rules and regulations
Dimensions of cabin and other prefabricated modules
Frame and web-frame spacing
Engine room
Factors to be considered
Engine room size and location vs. payload spaces
Length of propeller axis should be as short as possible
Requirements for damage stability
Requirements for trim
Service requirements and connection to the accommodation area
Deckhouse location
A high and narrow deckhouse is typically efficient with
regards to the use of space
Things to consider
Comfort (ship movement, noise and vibrations)
Visibility from the wheelhouse
Connection to the engine room
Weight distribution (trim)
Construction costs
Continuity of the steel structures
Use of space
Cabin Location
Concentration of cabins to a specific
block/area
Easy to meet noise and vibration criteria (+)
The cabin area might feel claustrophobic (-)
Longitudinal deck height variations → structural
strength challenges (-)
Lifeboat location criteria
On the main deck
Modern standard
Short distance to the water (+)
Occupy valuable onboard space (-)
On the top deck
Not disturbed the functionality of the ship (+)
Long distance to water (-)
Bulkhead location
Watertight bulkheads
Aft peak, engine room and collision bulkheads
Specialist types of bulkhead
Cargo hold design
Break bulk: Cargo without standards
Unitized cargo: Standardized cargo units (e.g. TEU containers)
Heavy units: Massive pieces and equipment (e.g. industrial equipment, offshore
structures)
Dry bulk cargo: Homogeneous unpacked dry bulk cargo (e.g. minerals, coal, corn)
Liquid bulk cargo: Homogenized liquid cargo (e.g. crude oil, oil products, chemicals,
LPG, LNG)
Rolling (or wheeled) cargo: Cargo on wheels (e.g. trucks, trailers)