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VIRAL SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS - Coggle Diagram
VIRAL SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
Genital Herpes
Caused by
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2)
Pathogenesis
Enter Via micro abrasion
Geniral area
Perianal area
Viral replication
Spread to nerve
Latency
Establishes latent infection
Viral gnome persists in neurons
No active replication
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Reactivation
Triggered by
Immunosuppression
Illness
Stress
Hormone changes
Invade sensory nerve endings
Travels retrogradely along axons
to dorsal root gangalia
HSV replicates rapidly
Causing lysis
lead to formation of painful vesicular lesions on genitalia.
Genital Warts
Caused by
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Spread through skin to skin sexual contact
Pathogenesis
Enter Via micro abrasion
Skin
Mucosa
Viral replication/ Gene expression
Integrates into host cells in basal layer.
Early genes (E6, E7) promote cell proliferation.
Inhibit tumor suppressors
allowing infected cells to multiply.
Late genes (L1, L2) encode structural proteins for viral capsid formation, necessary for new virion assembly.
Epithelial Hyperplasia
Infected keratinocytes proliferate
move to surfase
form exophytic warts
Immune Evasion
HPV evades immune detection by remaining in the epidermis
avoiding systemic immune surveillance.
allows persistent infection and recurrent warts.
Prevention
Mutual monogamy with an uninfected partner – safest way to prevent infection.
Avoid sexual contact with an infected person – especially if visible lesions/warts are present.
Limiting the number of sexual partners – lowers exposure to infected individuals.
Education and awareness about sexually transmitted infections – understanding symptoms and transmission helps prevent spread.
Consistent condom use during sexual activity – reduces the risk of transmission.
Regular screening/check-ups – helps detect infections early and reduce complications.