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Disease and Epidemiology - Coggle Diagram
Disease and Epidemiology
Epidemiology
studies the geographical distribution and timing of disease and how it is transmitted and maintained in nature
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morbidity rate: # of diseased individuals in a population. Prevalence: proportion of individuals with an illness at a given time. Incidence: # of new cases in a time period
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Disease Occurance
sporadic: disease occurs occasionally w/out geographic concentration. Ex: rabies, tetanus
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Epidemic Spread
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Point Source: short exposure, ex: contaminated potluck.
Continuous: extended exposure, ex: polluted water
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Reservoirs & Carriers
Reservoir: site where pathogens reside. Ex: soil, H2O, blue jay, monkey
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Modes of Transmission
Direct Contact. Vertical: mother to child. Horizontal: sexual contact. Droplet: droplets travel less than one meter.
Indirect Contact: transmission via fomites: nonliving objects. Ex: doorknobs, towels, syringes.
Vehicle Transmission: food, water, and air act as vehicle. Sneeze Guards prevent contamination
Vector Transmission: Mechanical Vector: carries pathogens on body, not as an infection. Biological Vector: becomes infected and transmits it. Ex: mosquitoes, ticks, fleas, flies.